Soc 17: The Strcture of the Respiratory System Flashcards
What body parts does the respiratory system include?
Nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, lungs and blood vessels.
Why do we need our respiratory system?
- Get oyxgen into the body
- Get carbon dioxide out the body
- In sport/physical activity, the respiratory and cardiovascular systems work together to keep body supplied with oxygen.
What is the % of oyxgen/carbon dioxide during inspiration?
20% oxygen + 0.4% carbon dioxide
What is the % of oxygen and carbon dioxide during expiration?
16% oxygen + 4% carbon dioxide
What happens to our breathing when we exercise?
Breathing rate and depth increases
What is vital capacity?
The greatest amount of air that can be passed into and out of the lungs by the most forceful inspiration/expiration.
What is tidal volume?
The amount of air inspired and expired with each breath.
What happens when we breathe in?
When breathing in, the intercostal muscles contract and lifts chest upwards and outwards while the diaphragm tightens and lowers.
The diaphragm changes from a dome shape to a flatter shape.
What happens when we breathe out?
The diaphragm relaxes when we breathe out, moving upwards back to a dome shape.
These actions open the lungs and create a vacuum inside so that air can rush through mouth and nose.
What happens once air is inhaled?
- The air passes through the larynx and then through the trachea into the bronchi and then into each lung.
- Smaller bronchioles extend out from bronchi and at the end air alveoli.
- In the alveoli oxygen passes into the blood so it can be transported around the body.
What is gaseous exchange?
The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues.
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed at the end of physical activity to break down any lactic acid.
Why does oxygen debt happen?
Anaerobic exercise - oxygen needs to oxidise lactic acid into CO2 and water.
Repaid through deep gasping breaths which takes lots of oxygen in and removes lots of carbon dioxide.
What is VO2 max?
The volume of oxygen an athlete can consume while exercising at maximum capacity.
How does cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together?
An efficient respiratory system aids cardiovascular system with constant supply of oxygen for muscles and removes carbon dioxide.
During exercise the body needs to take in sufficient amount of oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide produced by muscles when they are working.
