Soc 16- Structure Of The Blood Vessels Flashcards
What is an artery?
Arterys take oxygenated blood away from the heart
What are some characteristics of an artery?
Thick walls, at a high pressure, channel of blood flow is called the lumen it allows widening to flow more blood.
Pulmonary artery is different as it carrys deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
What is a vein?
Carry deoxygenated blood into the heart
What are some characteristics of a vein?
Thin walls, less elastic, carry blood at a lower pressure and contain many valves.
Pulmonary vein is different to other veins as carries oxygenated blood from lungs back to heart
What is a capillary?
One end carrier oxygenated blood and other carries deoxygenated blood
What are some characteristics of capillaries?
Microscopic vessels, one cell thick
Oxygenated blood nutirents to muscles
What is the route of blood in the heart?
Vena cava(brings deoxygenated blood from the body)
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right venticle
Semilunar valves
Pulmonary artery
Then lungs
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
Semilunar valves
Aorta
How does the Heart pump blood?
-The heart beats in a lub dub rhythm
• The first phase is known as the systolic phase:
• This is where blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles (lub).
O Then both the ventricles contract (dub).
• Pushing deoxygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
• Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle leaves via the aorta to the body.
• The second phase is known as the diastolic phase:
O This is when the heart is relaxing and refilling with the atria with blood.
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Blood pressure
Blood pressure is a measure of the force that your heart uses to pump the blood around your body
• High blood pressure can indicate a higher risk of health problems
• When you have a blood pressure reading you’re given two numbers e.g. 136/95
O The first number (the higher) is your systolic blood pressure when your heart is pushing blood around the body.
• The second number (the lowest) is the diastolic blood pressure when your heart is
The structure of Blood
It is easy to think of blood as a simple red liquid. However, under a microscope you can see millions of cells floating in a yellow liquid. In fact, blood is made up of four components red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.
What is the importance of red blood cells?
Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells, and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs.
• They contain haemoglobin, which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide.
• This is important to a long distance runner as their working muscles require more oxygen when running.
Thrombokinase
Substance involved in blood clotting
What is the importance of plasma?
The main role of plasma is to take oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need it.
• Cells also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma then helps remove this waste from the body.
Immune system
The structures and proceses in your body that stop disease
