Soc 11 - Performance Enhancing Drugs

Question 1

Anabolic steroids

Answer 1

Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote the growth of bone and muscle.
It allows the athlete to train harder and recover faster.
Side effects = Higher risk of muscle injury, increased risk of heart attack and strokes, high blood pressure and death.

Question 2

Beta blockers

Answer 2

Drugs used to calm and slow the heart rate to calm and relax the athlete.
Used in sports where steadiness and precision is required such as darts.
Side effects = Nausea, tiredness, diaohrrea, depression, insomnia and nightmares.

Question 3

Narcotics and analgesics

Answer 3

Narcotics are drugs that affect mood or behaviour and even relieve pain
Analgesics are drugs that relieve pain and allow athletes to play through injury
Side effects = Loss of co-ordination, loss of balance and concerntration and emotional effects.

Question 4

Diuretics

Answer 4

Drugs that elevate the rate of urine production.
Used by people that need to drop weight quickly.
Side effects = Dehydration, muscle cramps, headaches and nausea

Question 5

Peptide hormones

Answer 5

This increases the rate which red blood cells mature.
Increases muscle growth and aids recovery but also allows the body to carry extra oxygyen, dispersing of waste products and lactic acids.
Side effects = Thicker blood which makes it a lot harder to pass through small capillaries which increases the chance of herat attack and stroke.

Question 6

Growth hormones

Answer 6

Increases muscle development (similiar to steroids).
Increases the muscle growth, not only in strength but also size.
Side effects = Minimal but can be detected in blood test but not urine.

Question 7

Stimulants

Answer 7

Drigs that have an effect on the central nervous system such as physical alertness. An example of stimulants are cocain, nicotine and caffeine.
Increases alertness and allows people to think more. Overcomes tiredness and reduce the effect of lactic acid on the muscles.
Side effects = Insomnia, irregular / fast heart beat, high blood pressure or an addiction.