Skin VI Flashcards
describe the genetic composition of poxviruses
enveloped dsDNA
poxviruses multiply in ___ (unique among DNA viruses)
poxviruses multiply in the cytoplasm in factory areas (unique among DNA viruses)
list the sequence in clinical presentation of smallpox
- flu-like symptoms for 2-4 days
- simultaneous eruptive skin pustules (synchronous): start on mouth and spread everywhere in <24 hours
- vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding
the eruptive skin pustules seen in smallpox are described as being ____
the eruptive skin pustules seen in smallpox are described as being synchronous
exposure to smallpox is through ____
exposure to smallpox is through inhalation, contact or fomites
describe variola major vs. variola minor
- variola major: highly virulent, caused toxemia, shock and intravascular coagulation
- variola minor: less virulent
smallpox multiplies in the ____ before traveling to the lymphatics where it becomes disseminated
smallpox multiplies in the URT before traveling to the lymphatics where it becomes disseminated
chickenpox and shingles are part of the ___ family of viruses
chickenpox and shingles are part of the Herpesvirus family of viruses
enveloped linear dsDNA
describe the genetic composition of chickenpox
enveloped, linear dsDNA
the cytopathic effect of chickenpox and shingles is forming ___
the cytopathic effect of chickenpox and shingles is forming syncytia (enveloped viruses tend to form syncytia)
the species of chickenpox and shingles is HHV-___
the species of chickenpox and shingles is HHV-3
the target of chickenpox and shingles is…. (4 things)
the target of chickenpox and shingles is:
epithelial cells
fibroblasts
T cells
neurons
the skin lesions seen in chickenpox is described as ____ (when compared to smallpox)
the skin lesions seen in chickenpox is described as asynchronous (when compared to smallpox, which is synchronous)
chickenpox has a tropism for ____ and then enters ____ and remains latent
chickenpox has a tropism for T-cells (skin-homing markers) and then enters neurons and remains latent
the spread of the rash seen in chickenpox is described as (centripetal or centrifugal?)
the spread of the rash seen in chickenpox is described as centrifugal
describe what asynchronous presentation in chickenpox means
after resolution of shingles, many individuals continue to experience pain in the distribution of the rash, which is called ____
after resolution of shingles, many individuals continue to experience pain in the distribution of the rash, which is called postherpetic neuralgia
list factors that predispose shingles
stress, x-ray treatments, drug therapy, developing malignancy
describe the clinical presentation of congenital varicella
there is decreasing incidence of chickenpox in the US due to ____
there is decreasing incidence of chickenpox in the US due to effective childhood vaccine
the prevention of chickenpox/shingles is via ____
the prevention of chickenpox/shingles is via live attenuated vaccine
describe HSV-1; it usually occurs in ___ (age)
usually lesions on the oropharynx, cold sores, fever, blisters
usually occurs in early childhood
describe HSV-2; usually occurs in ____ (age)
lesions on the genitalia, possibly oral
occurs in ages 14-29
can be spread without visible lesions
describe the clinical presentation of HSV-1
the most significant transmission of herpes simplex is caused by ____
the most significant transmission of herpes simplex is caused by active lesions
HSV multiples in ___ and moves to ____
HSV multiples in sensory neurons and moves to ganglia
trigeminal = HSV1
sacral = HSV2
herpes simplex is potentially fatal in ____
herpes simplex is potentially fatal in the neonate and fetus
scrapings from the base of herpes simplex lesions show ____
scrapings from the base of herpes simplex lesions show giant cells
coxsackievirus is part of the ___ family of viruses
coxsackievirus is part of the picornavirus family of viruses
describe the genetic composition of coxsackievirus
small, nonenveloped, ssRNA
hand foot and mouth disease is caused by ____
hand foot and mouth disease is caused by coxsackievirus A16
describe the clinical presentation of HFMD
- at first: tired, sore throat, fever
- in 1 day or 2: painful sores or blisters may appear in or on the mouth and on the hands, feet
HFMD commonly occurs in ____
HFMD commonly occurs in children < 5 years old
herpangina is characterized by fever and a painful ____
herpangina is characterized by fever and a painful papulo-vesiculo-ulcerative oral enanthem
herpangina is most commonly caused by ____ serotypes
herpangina is most commonly caused by coxsackievirus A serotypes
herpangina is usually spread via the ___ or ___ route
herpangina is usually spread via the fecal-oral or respiratory route
after clinical symptoms of herpangina have resolved, asymptomatic enteroviral infection may persist in the ____
after clinical symptoms of herpangina have resolved, asymptomatic enteroviral infection may persist in the GI tract
molluscum contagiosum is part of the ___ family of viruses
molluscum contagiosum is part of the poxvirus family of viruses
dsDNA, enveloped
molluscum contagiosum is spread via ____ or from ____
molluscum contagiosum is spread via sexual contact or from fomites
Molluscum contagiosum is ___ shaped with a ___ center and ___ in appearance
Molluscum contagiosum is dome-shaped with a dimpled center and pearly in appearance
describe the histology of molluscum bodies
large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic and a small peripheral nucleus
warts are part of the ___ family of viruses
warts are part of the papillomaviridae family of viruses
non-enveloped, dsDNA
warts are caused by infection of ___ and ____
warts are caused by infection of keratinocytes and epithelial cells
warts may promote cell growth in permissive cells in ____
warts may promote cell growth in permissive cells in stratum spinosum
____ are the most common STD worldwide
warts are the most common STD worldwide
