Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Micro Term 4 > GI Acute Inflammatory Diarrhea > Flashcards

GI Acute Inflammatory Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

the endotoxin of Shigella spp. is the _____

A

the endotoxin of Shigella spp. is the O antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the exotoxin of Shigella spp. is ____

A

the exotoxin of Shigella spp. is enterotoxin that acts as neurotoxin (causes meningismus, coma, ulceration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

all Shigella spp. produce NAD glycohydrolase which ____

A

all Shigella spp. produce NAD glycohydrolase which destroys all NAD in human cells, shuts down metabolism and leads to cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the mildest form of Shigella infection is caused by ____ and leads to watery type of diarrhea with vomiting, abdominal pain and dehydration

A

the mildest form of Shigella infection is caused by S. sonnei and leads to watery type of diarrhea with vomiting, abdominal pain and dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe the pathogenesis of Shigella spp.

A
  1. ingestion of bacteria
  2. attachment to LI epithelia (M cells of Peyer’s patches)
  3. invasion (plasmid induced endocytosis)
  4. lysis of phagosome
  5. replicate within cytoplasm
  6. move from host cell to host cells with aid of actin filament
  7. induce cell apoptosis → release of ILs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Shigella spp. attaches to the ___ epithelia (___ cells of ___)

A

Shigella spp. attaches to the LI epithelia (M cells of Peyer’s patches)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Shigella spp. move from host cell to host cells with aid of ____

A

Shigella spp. move from host cell to host cells with aid of actin filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Shigella spp. induce ____ which leads to the release of ___

A

Shigella spp. induce apoptosis which leads to the release of interleukins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Shigella dysenteriae produces ____ (cytotoxin) which _____

A

Shigella dysenteriae produces Shigella toxin (cytotoxin) which inhibits protein synthesis (inactivates 28s RNA in 60S ribosomal subunit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Shiga toxin also acts as:

enterotoxin because ____

exotoxin because ____

neurotoxin because _____

A

Shiga toxin also acts as:

enterotoxin because it produces diarrhea

exotoxin because it inhibits sugar and AA absorption in SI

neurotoxin because affects CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Shigella sonnei commonly affects ____

A

Shigella sonnei commonly affects children <5 years (day care)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Shigella flexneri commonly affects ____

A

Shigella flexneri commonly affects men who have sex with men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe diagnosis and identification of Shigella spp.

A
  • isolation from stools, water and food
  • MacConkey agar
    • pale/colorless colonies
  • S-S agar (Salmonella-Shigella agar)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe characteristics of Shigella toxin

A
  • non-motile
  • G-ve rod
  • NO fermentation of lactose
  • NO utilization of citric acid
  • NO H2S prodxn
  • NO gas from glucose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe the Sketchy

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the difference between Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and Shigella is that EIEC does NOT make ____

A

the difference between Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and Shigella is that EIEC does NOT make Shiga toxin

17
Q

EIEC is commonly found in ____

A

EIEC is commonly found in SE Asia/S. America

18
Q

describe the pathogenesis of EIEC

A
  1. ingestion
  2. invasion of LI
  3. lysis of phagosome
  4. replicate in cytoplasm
  5. spread from host cell to host cell
  6. destroy colonic cells
19
Q

list the complications of Salmonellosis

A

cardiovascular, CNS, pulmonary, reactive arthritis, osteomyelitis, hepatobiliary

20
Q

describe enterocolitis (gastroenteritis) caused by Salmonella

A

localized infection, excessive fluid secretion from ileum & jejunum

21
Q

name the 3 organisms that cause gastroenteritis

A

S. typhimurium, S.* *enteritidis, S. newport

22
Q

describe the diagnosis of enterocolitis, septicemias and enteric fever caused by Salmonella

A
23
Q

stool cultures from a patient with enterocolitis (caused by Salmonella) would show _____

A

stool cultures from a patient with enterocolitis (caused by Salmonella) would show +ve soon after onset

24
Q

stool cultures from a patient with septicemias (caused by Salmonella) would show _____

A

stool cultures from a patient with septicemias (caused by Salmonella) would show infrequently +ve

25
Q

stool cultures from a patient with enteric fever (caused by Salmonella) would show _____

A

stool cultures from a patient with enteric fever (caused by Salmonella) would show +ve from 2nd week on; -ve early

26
Q

describe the pathogenesis of Salmonella

A
  1. ingestion of bacteria
  2. attachment to SI epithelia (PAI encoded)
  3. invade M cells of Peyer’s patches + enterocytes (PAI encoded)
  4. replicate within vacuole (PAI encoded)
  5. transported across cytoplasm
  6. released into blood/lymph
27
Q

Salmonellosis is commonly associated with handling ____

A

Salmonellosis is commonly associated with handling reptiles (lizards, snakes, turtles, frogs)

28
Q

in the US, cases of enteric fever are seen only in travelers to ___, ___ and ____

A

in the US, cases of enteric fever are seen only in travelers to Asia, Mexico and India

29
Q

describe the pathogenesis of enteric fever

A
  1. in bloodstream
  2. macrophage engulfment
  3. transported to liver, spleen and bone marrow
  4. colonization of gallbladder
  5. replicate in bile
  6. re-enter intestines
30
Q

describe the diagnosis of enteric fever

A
  • history of travel to endemic areas
  • transient, macular rash (rose-colored) on trunk
  • examination of blood
    • anemia, leukopenia, absence of eosinophils
  • blood culture for isolation of S. typhi
    • multiple samples to increase sensitivity
31
Q

describe the isolation and identification of Salmonella

A
  • isolation from stools, water and food
  • MacConkey agar plate
    • pale/colorless
  • S-S agar (Salmonella-Shigella agar)
32
Q

list characteristics of Salmonella

A
  • motile
  • G-ve rod
  • NO fermentation of lactose
  • H2S production
  • gas from glucose
  • serotyping
33
Q

describe the Sketchy

A

Micro Term 4 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions