RTI IX Flashcards
Chlamydophila psittaci is a (G+ve/G-ve) and obligate _____ and causes ______
Chlamydophila psittaci is a G-ve and obligate intracellular and causes Ornithosis (Psittacosis, Parrot fever)
Chlamydophila psittaci are round with narrow _____
Chlamydophila psittaci are round with narrow periplasmic space
Chlamydophila psittaci has no _____ in the cell wall and instead contains a _____ with weak endotoxicity
Chlamydophila psittaci has no peptidoglycan in the cell wall and instead contains a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with weak endotoxicity
____ is a major cell wall component and unique to each Chlamydophila species
Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) is a major cell wall component and unique to each Chlamydophila species
Chlamydophila psittaci
small infectious EBs attach to _____, followed by _____
small infectious EBs attach to microvilli, followed by active penetration in the cell
Chlamydophila psittaci
intact _____ inhibits fusion to the ___ thus, not killing Chlamydia
intact EB outer membrane inhibits fusion to the lysosomes thus, not killing Chlamydia
Chlamydophila psittaci
6-8 hours after penetration, ____ reorganize to become _____
18-24 hrs later, the ____ divide to become ____
6-8 hours after penetration, EBs reorganize to become large metabolically active RBs
18-24 hrs later, the RBs divide to become smaller EBs again, rupturing the host cell
Chlamydophila psittaci is transmitted to humans through _____
Chlamydophila psittaci is transmitted to humans through inhalation of excreta, urine or resp. droplets of birds
Chlamydophila psittaci spreads to the ____ producing necrosis
Chlamydophila psittaci spreads to the RES of liver and kidneys producing necrosis
Chlamydophila psittaci is seeded in the lung through ____ causing lymphocytic inflammation in the _____
Chlamydophila psittaci is seeded in the lung through blood causing lymphocytic inflammation in the alveoli
Chlamydophila psittaci produces edema, thickening of the ___, infiltration of ____, necrosis and occasional hemorrhages
Chlamydophila psittaci produces edema, thickening of the alveolar walls, infiltration of macrophages, necrosis and occasional hemorrhages
name the populations at highest risk of Chlamydophila psittaci
- high risk:
- vets
- zookeepers
- pet shop owners
- employees of poultry-processing plants
describe clinical features of Chlamydophila psittaci
diagnosis of Chlamydophila psittaci is by _____
diagnosis of Chlamydophila psittaci is by serology
describe the biology of Hantavirus
- family = bunyavirus
- negative sense ssRNA virus
- RNA virus, spherical, lipid envelope with 2 major glycoproteins
______ is the commonest cause of HPS (Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome) and is carried by _____
Sin nombre virus is the commonest cause of HPS (Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome) and is carried by the deer mouse
name settings where exposure to rodents (thus leading to HPS) is common
- peridomestic settings:
- barns
- outbuildings
- sheds
- camping
hantavirus is mainly transmitted to humans when _____
hantavirus is mainly transmitted to humans when they breathe in air contaminated with the virus - airborne transmission (most common)
describe the 3 clinical phases seen in HPS
in HPS, there is a generalized increase in _____ that results from ____ damage
in HPS, there is a generalized increase in capillary permeability that results from endothelial damage
injury in HPS is a consequence of _____
injury in HPS is a consequence of the host’s immunological response to viral antigens that have penetrated the endothelium
describe the diagnosis and treatment of HPS
Meliodosis (Whitemore’s disease) is an infection caused by _____
where is this disease endemic in?
Meliodosis (Whitemore’s disease) is an infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei
endemic regions = South Asia, SE Asia including China, northern Australia
Burkholderia pseudomallei is (G+ve/G-ve), rod-shaped, motile, aerobic
Burkholderia pseudomallei is G-ve, rod-shaped, motile, aerobic
Burkholderia pseudomallei is G-ve, rod-shaped, (motile/non-motile), aerobic
Burkholderia pseudomallei is G-ve, rod-shaped, motile, aerobic
the predominant mode of transmission of Burkholderia pseduomallei is through _____
the predominant mode of transmission of Burkholderia pseduomallei is through broken skin (percutaneous inoculation during exposure to wet soils or contaminated water)
list risk factors for Meliodosis
adults with Meliodosis primarily present with ____
while
children with Meliodosis primarily present with _____
adults with Meliodosis primarily present with pneumonia
while
children with Meliodosis primarily present with cutaneous infxns
describe the lab diagnosis of Meliodosis
Meliodosis is grown on ____ agar and has a _____ morphology
Meliodosis is grown on Ashdown’s agar and has a cauliflower-head morphology
describe what is seen on microscopy of Meliodosis
G-ve bacilli, bipolar staining
Coxiella burnietti is an obligate _____ and ____ are important reservoirs
Coxiella burnetti is an obligate intracellular bacteria (G-ve) and cattle, sheep, goats are important reservoirs
describe the 3 main acute clinical presentations of Q fever
- self-limiting flu-like illness
- pneumonia (predominant in N. America)
- hepatitis (predominant in Europe)
describe the 2 phases of Coxiella burnetti
- phase I
- highly infectious with intact LPS
- phase II
- not infectious, with truncated LPS
describe chronic Q fever and those at risk for it
sometimes present years after primary infection: culture negative endocarditis
- risk group:
- pre-existing heart defects
- pregnancy
- immunocompromised
