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Micro Term 4 > RTI III > Flashcards

RTI III Flashcards

1
Q

name 5 criteria that highly suggest strep pharyngitis

A
  • age 3-14
  • absence of cough
  • swollen and tender anterior and cervical lymph nodes
  • temp. >100.4 F (38 C)
  • tonsillar exudate or swelling
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2
Q

list 2 pathogens that require specialized growth media that is not standard

A
  • Bordatella pertussis: Bordet-Gengou agar
  • C. diphtheriae : Tinsdale agar/Cysteine-Tellurite agar
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3
Q

describe the cell wall of Streptococcus

A
  • polysaccharide capsule
    • hyaluronic acid
    • Quellung reaction (used specifically for S. pneumoniae, M-protein is used to identify S. pyogenes)
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4
Q

describe Streptococcus pyogenes

A

clinical syndrome: pharyngitis “strep throat”, skin infections, soft tissue infections, endocarditis

  • leukocidin production → inducer of pus formation
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5
Q

the large number of virulence factor in Streptococcus is probably due to _____

A

the large number of virulence factor in Streptococcus is probably due to transduction-mediated gene transfer and are also capable or transformation

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6
Q

Streptococci lack ____ which make them anaerobies but possess ____ which make them ______

A

Streptococci lack catalase which make them anaerobes but possess SOD which make them aerotolerant

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7
Q

____ is type specific proteins in the cell wall of S. pyogenes

A

M protein is type specific proteins in the cell wall of S. pyogenes

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8
Q

____ is group-specific carbohydrate in the cell wall of S. pyogenes

A

A antigen is group-specific carbohydrate in the cell wall of S. pyogenes

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9
Q

list the factors of S. pyogenes that help them avoid phagocytosis

A
  • avoid phagocytosis:
    • capsule, C5a peptidase, M and M-like proteins, lipoteichoic acid, F protein
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10
Q

list the factors of S. pyogenes that help them adhere to and invade cell walls

A
  • adhere to and invade cell wall:
    • M protein, lipoteichoic acid, F protein
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11
Q

list the virulence factors and pathogenesis of Group A streptococcus

A
  • avoid phagocytosis
    • capsule, C5a peptidase, M and M-like proteins, lipoteichoic acid, F protein
  • adhere to and invade cell wall
    • M protein, lipoteichoic acid, F protein
  • toxins
    • streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE), streptolysin S, streptolysin O, streptokinase, DNAse
      • streptolysins = lysis of blood cells (specifically WBCs)
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12
Q

name the top 2 suppurative diseases that Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) causes

A
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13
Q

name the 2 non-suppurative diseases that Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) causes

A
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14
Q

explain the Sketchy for s. pyogenes

A
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15
Q

Corynebacterium are (G+ve/G-ve) rods and (aerobic/anaerobic)

A

Corynebacterium are G+ve rods and aerobic

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16
Q

name 2 other medically-important Corynebacterium species

A
  • C. jeikeium: associated with bacteremia, IV catheter colonization
  • C. minutissimum: RTI’s wound infxns
17
Q

describe what is seen in the image

18
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae produces ____ of dub-shaped ____ rods arranged in V or L shapes on Gram stain

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae produces gray-to-black colonies of dub-shaped G+ve rods arranged in V or L shapes on Gram stain

19
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae produce ____ and can be seen when grown on _____

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae produce granules (volutin) and can be seen when grown on Loeffler coagulated serum

20
Q

toxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae have ____ carrying genes for the toxin _____

A

toxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae have B-prophage carrying genes for the toxin lysogeny, B-corynephage

21
Q

describe the clinical importance of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

22
Q

describe the pathogenesis Corynebacterium diphtheriae

23
Q

the main virulence factor for Corynebacterium diphtheriae is _____

A

the main virulence factor for Corynebacterium diphtheriae is diphtheria exotoxin (genes for toxin acquired via lysogenic conversion → bacteriophage)

  • responsible for:
    • inflammation and formation of pseudomembrane
    • damage to organs
24
Q

describe the mechanism of action of diphtheria toxin

25
Q

describe the screening test for pathogenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae

26
Q

describe the Elek test

27
Q

list the most common pathogens involved in sinusitis and acute otitis media (AOM)

28
Q

explain the Sketchy for Corynebacterium diphtheriae

29
Q

name the signs and symptoms of sinusitis and acute otits media

Micro Term 4 (33 decks)

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