Skeletal System (KT) Flashcards
What are the 2 divisions of the skeletal system?
- Axial
2. Appendicular
What components make up the axial skeleton?
Head, center of body, skull, ribs, vertebral column
What components make up the appendicular skeleton?
Movements, limbs, pelvis
2 types of bone tissue
- Compact
2. Spongy
How much percent of total body mass are the bones?
20%
Components of the skeletal system? (4)
- Cartilage
- Bone
- Tendons
- Ligaments
Functions of skeletal system? (5)
- Protection
- Support (rigid support)
- Movement (bones act as levers)
- Storage (Ca, P, and fat)
- Blood cell production
Cartilage cells are called…
Chondrocytes
Where are chondrocytes found…?
Chondrocytes are found in compartments called lacunae
What is the extracellular matrix of cartilage?
- Collagen and elastic fibers
- Ground substance of chondroitin sulfates
Does cartilage have arteries, veins, or lymphocytes?
No.
- That’s why it heals slowly- because not a lot of nutrients getting in
What types of cartilage are there…? (3)
- Hyaline
- Elastic
- Fibrocartilage
Cartilage that…
- is the most common
- weakest concerning tensile strength
- found in places that can be compressed
- lack fibers
Hyaline Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilage Structure (3)
- Chondrocytes
- Chondroitin
- Some collagen
Location of Hyaline Cartilage (5)
- Embryonic Skeleton
- Articular surfaces
- Respiratory passages
- Nasal Septum
- Between ribs and sternum
Cartilage that…
- is elastic yet still needs compression
- flexible, maintains shape but recoils and pushes back
- Ex. nose, ear, epiglottis
Elastic Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage Structure (3)
- Chondrocytes
- Chondroitin Sulfate
- Densely packed elastic fibers
Locations of Elastic Cartilage
- nose,
- ear
- epiglottis
Cartilage that…
- is very strong
- need tensile resistance AND compression resistance
Fibrocartilage
Structure of Fibrocartilage (3)
- Chondrocytes
- Chondrotin Sulfate
- Densely packed collagen fibers
Location of Fibrocartilage (3)
- Intervertebral Disc
- Pubic Symphysis
- Articular Cartilage in Knee
Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage
Perichondrium
What does perichondrium provide…? (2)
- Support & Protection
2. New Chondrocytes
Locations of Perichondrium (2)
- Hyaline Cartilage
2. Elastic Cartilage