Session 8 Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Why is quadrangular space clinically important

A

Route via which the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein enter the posterior compartment of the arm

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2
Q

Quadrangular space is bounded by

A

Teres minor
Teres major
Long head of triceps brachii
Surgical neck of humerus

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3
Q

What is triangular space

A

Passageway through which circumflex scapular vessels enter the infraspinous fossa

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4
Q

Triangular space bounded by

A

Teres minor and major, triceps brachii

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5
Q

What are visible at the base of the triangular interval

A

Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery as they wind around humerus in spiral groove

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6
Q

Bursae in shoulder joint

A

Subacromial (under acromion)

Subscapular (between tendon of subscapularis and neck of scapula)

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7
Q

Subacromial bursa role

A

Separates Supraspinatus tendon from

coraco-Acromial ligament
coracoid process
Deep surface of deltoid muscle

Cushion- reduces friction

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8
Q

Subscapular bursa role

A

Protects tendon of subscapularis as it passes inferior to the root of coracoid process and over neck of scapula

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9
Q

What is the subacromial space

A

Space between coracoid process, coraco-acromial ligament and acromion (coraco-acromial arch)

And head of humerus

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10
Q

Contents of subacromial space

A

Subacromial bursa
Supraspinatous tendon
Joint capsule
Long head of biceps

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11
Q

Risk during abduction

A

Potential for impingement of soft tissues in subacromial space

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12
Q

Where does tendon of long head of biceps brachii lie within

A

Cavity of shoulder joint, acquires a tubular sleeve of synovial as it enters

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13
Q

Abduction of shoulder first 90 degrees

A

90 degrees at glenohumoral joint

0-15 by Supraspinatous (subscapular nerve)

15-90 by deltoid (axillary nerve)

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14
Q

Abduction of shoulder above 90

A

Scapulothoracic joint through rotation of scapula

Trapezius upper fibres
Serratus anterior

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15
Q

Adduction of shoulder

A

Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

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16
Q

Flexion of shoulder

A
Anterior fibres of deltoid (axillary nerve) 
Pec major (medial and lateral pectoral nerves) 
Coracobrachialis (musculocutaneous nerve) 
Biceps brachii (musculocutaneous nerve)
17
Q

Extension of shoulder

A
Posterior fibres of deltoid (axillary nerve) 
Latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve)
Teres major (lower subscapular nerve)
18
Q

Internal rotation of shoulder

A
Subscapularis (upper and lower subscapular nerves) 
Teres major (lower subscapular nerve) 
Pec major (medial and lateral pectoral nerves) 
Latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve)
19
Q

External rotation of shoulder

A
Infraspinatous (suprascapular nerve) 
Teres minor (axillary nerve)
20
Q

Rotator cuff is an important

A

Dynamic stabiliser

21
Q

Muscles of rotator cuff mnemonic

A

SITS
Supraspinatus (suprascapular nerve C5,C6)
Infraspinatus (suprascapular nerve C5,C6)
Teres minor (axillary nerve, C5, C6)
Subscapularis (Upper and lower subscapular nerves C5,6)

22
Q

Static stabilisers of glenohumoral joint

A
Congruency of humeral head and glenoid cavity 
Glenoid labrum 
Joint capsule 
Glenohumoral ligaments anteriorly
Extra-capsular ligaments 
Negative intra-articular pressure
23
Q

Dynamic stabilisers of glenohumoral joint

A
Rotator cuff muscles 
Extrinsic muscles that cross shoulder joint 
	biceps brachii long head 
	triceps brachii short head 
	deltoid 
	pec major 
	Coracobrachialis
24
Q

Right subclavian artery arises from the

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

25
Left subclavian artery arises from the
Aorta
26
When the subclavian artery crosses lateral border of first rib to enter axilla it becomes
Axillary artery
27
Axillary artery passes behind the
Pec minor muscle at level of surgical neck of humerus Gives off anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
28
Arterial anastomosis around margin of scapula
Subscapular artery arises from third part of axillary artery Suprascapular artery branches and transverse cervical artery branches
29
Arterial supply of shoulder joint is derived from the
Anterior and posterior circumflex humoral arteries and suprascapular artery
30
Axillary artery becomes the
Brachial artery at inferior border of teres major
31
Immediately distal to teres major, brachial artery gives rise to the
Profunda brachii (travels with radial nerve in radial groove of humerus and supplies posterior compartment)
32
Brachial artery passes through cubical fossa in anterior compartment and bifurcates into
Radial and ulnar arteries
33
Brachial pulse is palpated in
Cubical fossa, medial to tendon of biceps brachii
34
What lies immediately lateral to the brachial artery
Median nerve
35
Nerve supply to shoulder joint derived from
Axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve and lateral pectoral nerve C5 and C6