Session 8 Part 3

Question 1

Why is quadrangular space clinically important

Answer 1

Route via which the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein enter the posterior compartment of the arm

Question 2

Quadrangular space is bounded by

Answer 2

Teres minor
Teres major
Long head of triceps brachii
Surgical neck of humerus

Question 3

What is triangular space

Answer 3

Passageway through which circumflex scapular vessels enter the infraspinous fossa

Question 4

Triangular space bounded by

Answer 4

Teres minor and major, triceps brachii

Question 5

What are visible at the base of the triangular interval

Answer 5

Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery as they wind around humerus in spiral groove

Question 6

Bursae in shoulder joint

Answer 6

Subacromial (under acromion)

Subscapular (between tendon of subscapularis and neck of scapula)

Question 7

Subacromial bursa role

Answer 7

Separates Supraspinatus tendon from

coraco-Acromial ligament
coracoid process
Deep surface of deltoid muscle

Cushion- reduces friction

Question 8

Subscapular bursa role

Answer 8

Protects tendon of subscapularis as it passes inferior to the root of coracoid process and over neck of scapula

Question 9

What is the subacromial space

Answer 9

Space between coracoid process, coraco-acromial ligament and acromion (coraco-acromial arch)

And head of humerus

Question 10

Contents of subacromial space

Answer 10

Subacromial bursa
Supraspinatous tendon
Joint capsule
Long head of biceps

Question 11

Risk during abduction

Answer 11

Potential for impingement of soft tissues in subacromial space

Question 12

Where does tendon of long head of biceps brachii lie within

Answer 12

Cavity of shoulder joint, acquires a tubular sleeve of synovial as it enters

Question 13

Abduction of shoulder first 90 degrees

Answer 13

90 degrees at glenohumoral joint

0-15 by Supraspinatous (subscapular nerve)

15-90 by deltoid (axillary nerve)

Question 14

Abduction of shoulder above 90

Answer 14

Scapulothoracic joint through rotation of scapula

Trapezius upper fibres
Serratus anterior

Question 15

Adduction of shoulder

Answer 15

Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

Question 16

Flexion of shoulder

Answer 16

Anterior fibres of deltoid (axillary nerve) 
Pec major (medial and lateral pectoral nerves) 
Coracobrachialis (musculocutaneous nerve) 
Biceps brachii (musculocutaneous nerve)

Question 17

Extension of shoulder

Answer 17

Posterior fibres of deltoid (axillary nerve) 
Latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve)
Teres major (lower subscapular nerve)

Question 18

Internal rotation of shoulder

Answer 18

Subscapularis (upper and lower subscapular nerves) 
Teres major (lower subscapular nerve) 
Pec major (medial and lateral pectoral nerves) 
Latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve)

Question 19

External rotation of shoulder

Answer 19

Infraspinatous (suprascapular nerve) 
Teres minor (axillary nerve)

Question 20

Rotator cuff is an important

Answer 20

Dynamic stabiliser

Question 21

Muscles of rotator cuff mnemonic

Answer 21

SITS
Supraspinatus (suprascapular nerve C5,C6)
Infraspinatus (suprascapular nerve C5,C6)
Teres minor (axillary nerve, C5, C6)
Subscapularis (Upper and lower subscapular nerves C5,6)

Question 22

Static stabilisers of glenohumoral joint

Answer 22

Congruency of humeral head and glenoid cavity 
Glenoid labrum 
Joint capsule 
Glenohumoral ligaments anteriorly
Extra-capsular ligaments 
Negative intra-articular pressure

Question 23

Dynamic stabilisers of glenohumoral joint

Answer 23

Rotator cuff muscles 
Extrinsic muscles that cross shoulder joint 
	biceps brachii long head 
	triceps brachii short head 
	deltoid 
	pec major 
	Coracobrachialis

Question 24

Right subclavian artery arises from the

Answer 24

Brachiocephalic trunk

Question 25

Left subclavian artery arises from the

Answer 25

Aorta

Question 26

When the subclavian artery crosses lateral border of first rib to enter axilla it becomes

Answer 26

Axillary artery

Question 27

Axillary artery passes behind the

Answer 27

Pec minor muscle at level of surgical neck of humerus

Gives off anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

Question 28

Arterial anastomosis around margin of scapula

Answer 28

Subscapular artery arises from third part of axillary artery

Suprascapular artery branches and transverse cervical artery branches

Question 29

Arterial supply of shoulder joint is derived from the

Answer 29

Anterior and posterior circumflex humoral arteries and suprascapular artery

Question 30

Axillary artery becomes the

Answer 30

Brachial artery at inferior border of teres major

Question 31

Immediately distal to teres major, brachial artery gives rise to the

Answer 31

Profunda brachii (travels with radial nerve in radial groove of humerus and supplies posterior compartment)

Question 32

Brachial artery passes through cubical fossa in anterior compartment and bifurcates into

Answer 32

Radial and ulnar arteries

Question 33

Brachial pulse is palpated in

Answer 33

Cubical fossa, medial to tendon of biceps brachii

Question 34

What lies immediately lateral to the brachial artery

Answer 34

Median nerve

Question 35

Nerve supply to shoulder joint derived from

Answer 35

Axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve and lateral pectoral nerve C5 and C6