MSK lower limb exemplify formative Flashcards
Which osteological site is the origin of the muscle forming the lateral border of the femoral triangle
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is site of origin for sartorial
Which osteological site is the primary insertion of the lateral rotators of the hip
the greater trochanter
Sudden forceful contraction of the hamstring could lead to an avulsion fracture of which structure
ischial tuberosity (origin of hamstrings)
Which muscle forms the anatomical landmark for locating the sciatic nerve as it enters the thigh
piriformis (sciatic nerve usually enters below)
What is B
superior gluteal nerve
Which structure is found at the mid-inguinal point
femoral artery
Which structure doesn’t enter the femoral canal
Femoral nerve
A fracture at which site could lead to weakened dorsiflexion
Neck of fibula -common fibular nerve
Compression to which nerve could lead to weakened plantarflexion
Tibial nerve
What is A
tibial nerve
Which muscle is an anatomical landmark for locating the small saphenous vein
between heads of gastrocnemius, posterior to lateral malleolus and up posterior surface of leg
Which structure is particularly susceptible to compression from a popliteal aneurysm
tibial nerve
Which bone is a site of attachment for a muscle supporting the arches of the foot
Base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform (fibularis longus)
A disc prolapse will affect the
TRAVERSING ROOT
Which dermatome will be affected in an L5/S1 prolapse
S1
What is the surface marking for the palpitation of the dorsalis pedis pulse
Between the tendons of the extensor hallucinations longus and extensor digitorum longus to the second toe
Differences between pre-patellar bursitis (Housemaids knee) and infrapatellar bursitis (clergyman’s knee)
Clergyman’s knee- prolonged kneeling in more upright position, swelling on inferior aspect of knee
Housemaid’s knee- repeated micro trauma during kneeling and leaning forwards. Tennis-ball shaped swelling overlying the right knee
Which area of the leg should be tested to test the saphenous nerve
Medial leg and medial malleolus
Which area of the leg should be tested to test the saphenous nerve
Medial leg and medial malleolus
Where does the sciatic nerve exit the pelvis
Greater sciatic foramen
3 areas of altered sensation in lower limb due to sciatic nerve injury inferior to the point at which it leaves the pelvis
Lateral leg
Dorsum of foot
Sole of foot
(common fibular nerve and tibial nerve)
Names of seddon classification
neurapraxia, axonotmesis, and neurotmesis
Describe what happens to proximal axons as they attempt to reinervate the affected muscles
Axons sprout from the proximal part of the severed nerve
the sprouts enter the vacated Schwann cell sheath which guides them to the denervated muscle
What is a traumatic neuroma
A lesion that occurs after a nerve has been severed when there is poor alignment of the cut end of the nerve. Distorted proliferation of axons results in a tangled mass.
