MSK lower limb exemplify formative

Question 1

Which osteological site is the origin of the muscle forming the lateral border of the femoral triangle

Answer 1

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is site of origin for sartorial

Question 2

Which osteological site is the primary insertion of the lateral rotators of the hip

Answer 2

the greater trochanter

Question 3

Sudden forceful contraction of the hamstring could lead to an avulsion fracture of which structure

Answer 3

ischial tuberosity (origin of hamstrings)

Question 4

Which muscle forms the anatomical landmark for locating the sciatic nerve as it enters the thigh

Answer 4

piriformis (sciatic nerve usually enters below)

Question 5

What is B

Answer 5

superior gluteal nerve

Question 6

Which structure is found at the mid-inguinal point

Answer 6

femoral artery

Question 7

Which structure doesn’t enter the femoral canal

Answer 7

Femoral nerve

Question 8

A fracture at which site could lead to weakened dorsiflexion

Answer 8

Neck of fibula -common fibular nerve

Question 9

Compression to which nerve could lead to weakened plantarflexion

Answer 9

Tibial nerve

Question 10

What is A

Answer 10

tibial nerve

Question 11

Which muscle is an anatomical landmark for locating the small saphenous vein

Answer 11

between heads of gastrocnemius, posterior to lateral malleolus and up posterior surface of leg

Question 12

Which structure is particularly susceptible to compression from a popliteal aneurysm

Answer 12

tibial nerve

Question 13

Which bone is a site of attachment for a muscle supporting the arches of the foot

Answer 13

Base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform (fibularis longus)

Question 14

A disc prolapse will affect the

Answer 14

TRAVERSING ROOT

Question 15

Which dermatome will be affected in an L5/S1 prolapse

Answer 15

S1

Question 16

What is the surface marking for the palpitation of the dorsalis pedis pulse

Answer 16

Between the tendons of the extensor hallucinations longus and extensor digitorum longus to the second toe

Question 17

Differences between pre-patellar bursitis (Housemaids knee) and infrapatellar bursitis (clergyman’s knee)

Answer 17

Clergyman’s knee- prolonged kneeling in more upright position, swelling on inferior aspect of knee

Housemaid’s knee- repeated micro trauma during kneeling and leaning forwards. Tennis-ball shaped swelling overlying the right knee

Question 18

Which area of the leg should be tested to test the saphenous nerve

Answer 18

Medial leg and medial malleolus

Question 18

Which area of the leg should be tested to test the saphenous nerve

Answer 18

Medial leg and medial malleolus

Question 19

Where does the sciatic nerve exit the pelvis

Answer 19

Greater sciatic foramen

Question 20

3 areas of altered sensation in lower limb due to sciatic nerve injury inferior to the point at which it leaves the pelvis

Answer 20

Lateral leg
Dorsum of foot
Sole of foot

(common fibular nerve and tibial nerve)

Question 21

Names of seddon classification

Answer 21

neurapraxia, axonotmesis, and neurotmesis

Question 22

Describe what happens to proximal axons as they attempt to reinervate the affected muscles

Answer 22

Axons sprout from the proximal part of the severed nerve

the sprouts enter the vacated Schwann cell sheath which guides them to the denervated muscle

Question 23

What is a traumatic neuroma

Answer 23

A lesion that occurs after a nerve has been severed when there is poor alignment of the cut end of the nerve. Distorted proliferation of axons results in a tangled mass.