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Msk > Session 10 > Flashcards

Session 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Which bone is not part of the wrist joint

A

Ulna

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2
Q

Carpal bones form a

A

Convex surface which articulates with convex surface of radius and triangular fibrocartilage

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3
Q

What type of joint is wrist

A

Ellipsoid synovial joint- movement in flexion, extension, adduction, abduction

2 axis

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4
Q

What is the wrist joint stabilised by

A

Dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments (ensure hand follows radius during pronation and supination)

Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments

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5
Q

Muscles responsible for flexion of the wrist

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus

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6
Q

Muscles responsible for extension of the wrist

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

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7
Q

Wrist adduction produced by

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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8
Q

Abduction at wrist is produced by

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Flexor carpi radialis

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9
Q

Bones of hand

A 
Scaphoid 
Lunate 
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid 
Carpitate
Hamate
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10
Q

Hamate has what on palmar surface

A

Projection called the hook which forms ulnar border of carpal tunnel and radial border of Guyon’s canal

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11
Q

Blood supply of scaphoid?

A

Dorsal carpal branch of radial artery
Retrograde flow

Scaphoid fractures hence have high rate of non-union

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12
Q

Each metacarpal consists of

A

Base shaft and head

Medial and lateral surfaces are concave and accommodate interossei muscles

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13
Q

What is radial abduction

A

Continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position in the same plane of the palm

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14
Q

What is palmar abduction

A

Raising thumb in sagittal plane, perpendicular to palm

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15
Q

Difference between intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Intrinsic- originate within the hand and insert with the hand
Extrinsic- originate within the forearm and insert within the hand

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16
Q

4 compartments of intrinsic muscles

A

Thenar compartment- abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

Adductor compartment- adductor pollicis

Hypothenar compartment- abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi

central compartment- lumbricals, interossei, palmaris brevis

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17
Q

Thenar compartment-

A

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

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18
Q

Adductor compartment-

A

adductor pollicis

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19
Q

Hypothenar compartment-

A

abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi

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20
Q

central compartment-

A

lumbricals, interossei, palmaris brevis

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21
Q

Thenar eminence supplied by

A

Median nerve, except deep head of flexor pollicis brevis supplied by ulnar

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22
Q

2 heads of adductor pollicis

A

Transverse head and oblique head

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23
Q

Hypothenar compartment innervated by

A

Ulnar nerve

24
Q

Central compartment nerve supply

A

Radial 2 lumbricals- median nerve

Ulnar 2 lumbricals- ulnar nerve

25
Q

What do lumbricals do

A

Link flexor digitorum profundus tendon on palmar surface to extensor digitorum tendon on dorsum

When they contract they flex the fingers at the MCPJ and extend at PIP

26
Q

Lumbricals to index and middle fingers are

A

Unipennate

27
Q

Lumbricals to ring and little fingers are

A

Bipennate

28
Q

2 groups of interossei

A

Dorsal and palmar

29
Q

Interossei actions

A

DAB (dorsal abduct)
PAD (palmar adduct)

Assist lumbricals in flexing MCPJs and extending IPJs

Ulnar nerve

30
Q

Central slip in RA causes

A

Boutonnière deformity

31
Q

FDP originates from

A

Proximal 2 thirds of shaft of ulna

Inserts into base of distal phalanx

32
Q

FDS originated from

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus and superior half of radius

Insert into base of middle phalanx

33
Q

Deep border of carpal tunnel

A

Carpal bones form concavity

34
Q

Supericial border of carpal tunnel

A

Flexor retinaculum

35
Q

Attachments of flexor retinaculum

A

Lateral- scaphoid, trapezium

Medial- hook of hamate, pisiform

36
Q

Structures passing through carpal tunnel

A

Flexor pollicis longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons x4
Flexor digitorum profundus tendons x4
Median nerve

37
Q

Tendons of FDS through carpal tunnel

A

Middle and ring finger pas superficial to index and little finger

38
Q

What supplies sensation to the radial 2/3rds of palm

A

Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve given off proximal to carpal tunnel

This is why sensation to the palm is unaffected

39
Q

What passes through Guyon’s canal

A

Ulnar nerve and artery

40
Q

Guyon’s canal location

A

Superficial to flexor retinaculum

Lateral to pisiform bone and hook of hamate

41
Q

Guyon’s canal roof

A

Palmar carpal ligament

42
Q

What is anatomical snuff box

A

Radial fossa- triangular depression on radial aspect of dorsum of hand at level of carpal bones

43
Q

Medial and lateral Borders of anatomical snuffbox

A

Lateral- tendons of abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

Medial- tendon of extensor pollicis longus

44
Q

Proximal border, floor and roof of anatomical snuffbox

A

Proximal border- styloid process of radius
Floor- scaphoid and trapezium
Roof- skin

45
Q

Contents of anatomical snuffbox

A

Radial artery
Superficial branch of radial nerve
Cephalic vein

46
Q

Arterial supply of hand

A

Radial and ulnar artery via deep and superficial palmar arches

47
Q

Superficial palmar arch gives off

A

Common palmar digital arteries

Ulnar contributes mainly to superficial palmar arch so fingers

48
Q

Radial artery contributes mainly to

A

Deep palmar arch, blood supply of thumb and radial side of index finger

49
Q

3 branches of brachial plexus that supply hand

A

Median radial and ulnar

50
Q

Median and ulnar nerve arise from

A

Anterior brachial plexus - supply anterior forearm

51
Q

Radial nerve arises from the

A

Posterior divisions of the brachial plexus and therefore supplies the posterior compartment of the forearm

52
Q

ulnar nerve supplies

A

All intrinsic muscles of hand except LOAF

53
Q

What are LOAF and what supplies them

A

Median nerve

Lumbricals- lateral 2
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis (superficial head)

54
Q

Nerve supply to palm of hand is derived from the

A

Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve

And palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

Palmar digital branches arise in palm

55
Q

How do you test for sensation in radial nerve

A

Dorsum of 1st web space

56
Q

How do you test for sensation in median nerve

A

Palmar surface of tip of index finger

57
Q

How do you test for sensation in ulnar nerve

A

Ulnar border of hand

Msk (38 decks)

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