Session 4 MSK

Question 1

The trochlear of the talus (ankle bone) articulates with the

Answer 1

Tibia and fibula

Question 2

The head of the talus articulates with the

Answer 2

Navicular bone

Question 3

the calcaneus (heel bone) articulates with the

Answer 3

Talus superiorly and cuboid anteriorly

Question 4

the ankle joint is what type of joint and permits what

Answer 4

Hinge type synovial joint which permits dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Question 5

The talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint permits

Answer 5

Inversion and eversion of the foot

Question 6

The tarsometatarsal joints permit

Answer 6

gliding and sliding movement

Question 7

The metatarsophalangeal joints permit

Answer 7

Flexion, extension, some ad/ab suction, and circumduction

Question 8

The inter phalangeal joints permit

Answer 8

Flexion and extension

Question 9

What are the 3 articulations of the talus

Answer 9

Ankle joint, subtalar joint, talonavicular joint

Question 10

What is the risk in talus fracture and why

Answer 10

Avascular necrosis - lack of muscle attachments and retrograde blood supply (arteries enter bone at distal end)

Question 11

What takes the full weight of the body when the heel contacts the ground

Answer 11

Calcaneus (protrudes posteriorly)

Question 12

what does the Achilles’ tendon attach to

Answer 12

Calcaneal tuberosity

Question 13

What’s the name of the Joint between the metatarsal bases and tarsal bones

Answer 13

Tarsometatarsal joints

Question 14

What is the name of the joints between the metatarsals and the adjacent metatarsals

Answer 14

Intermetatarsal joints

Question 15

What are the joints between the metatarsal head and proximal phalanx called

Answer 15

Metatarsophalangeal joints

Question 16

Tibia and fibula are bound together by .. at the ..

Answer 16

Tibiofibular ligaments at the distal tibiofibular joint

Question 17

The only movements that take place at the ankle joint are

Answer 17

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Question 18

Plantarflexion of the ankle is produced by the

Answer 18

Muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and tibialis posterior)

Question 19

Dorsiflexion of the ankle is produced by the muscles in the

Answer 19

Anterior compartment of the leg (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus and peroneas tertius)

Question 20

Range of dorsiflexion is limited by

Answer 20

Passive resistance in the muscles of the posterior compartment

Question 21

Ankle joint is reinforced by

Answer 21

Lateral and medial ligaments

Question 22

3 parts of the lateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 22

Anterior and posterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament

Question 23

What do the 3 lateral ligaments of the ankle joint do

Answer 23

Resist inversion of the foot

Question 24

What does the medial/deltoid ligament of the ankle joint do

Answer 24

Resist excessive eversion of the foot

Question 25

Inversion and eversion of the foot occur at

Answer 25

Subtalar, calcaneocuboid and talocalcaneonavicular joints (NOT ANKLE)

Question 26

What are the main weight bearing bones during standing

Answer 26

Heel and heads of metatarsals

Question 27

What are the arches maintained by

Answer 27

Shape of interlocking bones, ligaments of foot, intrinsic muscles of foot and pull of long tendons of intrinsic muscles

Question 28

Which arch is most important clinically

Answer 28

Medial longitudinal

Question 29

What maintains the integrity of the medial longitudinal arch

Answer 29

the plantar aponeurosis and the spring ligament, tibialis anterior and peroneus

Question 30

4 muscles in anterior compartment of leg

Answer 30

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus and peroneus tertius

Question 31

What do the 4 muscles in the anterior part of the leg do

Answer 31

Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot at ankle joint

Question 32

What do the extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus do in addition to dorsiflexion and inversion

Answer 32

Extend the toes

Question 33

Muscles in the anterior compartment are innervated and supplied by the

Answer 33

Deep peroneal (fibular nerve) L4-5, and the blood supply is via the anterior tibial artery

Question 34

Two muscles in lateral compartment of leg

Answer 34

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

Question 35

What do the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg do

Answer 35

Plantarflexion and invert

Question 36

What are muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg innervated by

Answer 36

Tibial nerve - terminal branch of sciatic nerve

Question 37

What do all the muscles of the superior posterior compartment insert into

Answer 37

Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 38

4 muscles of deep posterior compartment and roles

Answer 38

Popliteus- knee joint only tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus - act on foot and ankle

Question 39

Contents of tarsal tunnel

Answer 39

``` Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus tendon Posterior tibial artery Posterior tibial vein tibial nerve flexor hallucis longus ``` Tom dick and very nervous harry

Question 40

contents of popliteal fossa

Answer 40

Common peroneal nerve, tibial nerve, popliteal vein and artery, medial sural cutaneous nerve, short saphenous vein (drains into popliteal vein)

Question 41

4 borders of popliteal fossa

Answer 41

Semimembranosus, biceps femoris, medial head of gastrocnemius, lateral head of gastrocnemius and plantaris

Question 42

Floor of popliteal fossa

Answer 42

Popliteal surface of femur

Question 43

Roof of popliteal fossa

Answer 43

Popliteal fascia and skin

Question 44

Location of tarsal tunnel

Answer 44

Posterior to medial malleolus of ankle

Question 45

PED and TIP

Answer 45

Common Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes (injury = foot drop) Tibial inverts and plantar flexes (injury = can’t walk on tip toes)