September 3, 2015 - Humoral Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Common Markers of B Cells

A

CD19 and CD20

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2
Q

Somatic Recombination

A

Picking a V, D, and J region to combine together to make a unique variable region for the antibody.

There are 109 possible combinations.

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3
Q

Somatic Hypermutation

A

Restricted to B cells engaged with a matching antigen. Requires the help of a helper T cell and only occurs within the V-segment of the Ab gene.

Deliberate, random nucleotide substitutions in the Ab gene. Ones that lead to an inceased antigen affinity result in proliferation of the B cell and thus, a stronger antibody interaction.

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4
Q

B Cell - T Cell Crosstalk

A

B cells bind with a matching antigen, and then the B cell MHC Class II receptor binds with the T Cell Receptor (TCR).

T cells tell the B cells to proliferate and differentiate. This causes isotype switching, somatic hypermutation, maturation into memory or plasma cells, and communication via chemical signals.

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5
Q

Functions of Antibodies

A
  1. Neutralization
  2. Opsonization
  3. Complement activation
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6
Q

Opsonization

A

Marks a target for destruction. This is particularly important against encapsulated organisms such as H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, K. pneumoniae .

Phagocytes bind the marked target through their Fc receptor.

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7
Q

Complement Activation

A

Antibodies bound to a target can induce C1 to become activated and initiate the complement cascade.

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8
Q

Professional Antigen Presenting Cells

A

Macrophages

Dendritic Cells

B Cells

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9
Q
A
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