August 11, 2015 - Introduction to Neoplasia

Question 1

Adeno

Answer 1

Glandular

Question 2

Chondro

Answer 2

Cartilage

Question 3

-oma

Answer 3

Benign (usually)

Question 4

-carcinoma

Answer 4

Malignant (usually) in epithelial tissue.

Question 5

-sarcoma

Answer 5

Malignant (usually) for mesenchymal tissues.

Question 6

Lymphoma

Answer 6

Malignant ‘tumor’ of the lymphoid cells.

NOT benign.

Question 7

Melanoma

Answer 7

Malignant tumor of melanocytes.

NOT benign.

Question 8

Mesothelioma

Answer 8

Malignant tumor of mesothelium.

NOT benign.

Question 9

Seminoma

Answer 9

Malignant tumor of the testis.

NOT benign.

Question 10

Choristoma

Answer 10

NOT a tumor.

Heterotopic rests of tissue found in another part of the body.

Question 11

Teratoma

Answer 11

Germ cell tumor from totipotent progenitor. These contain more than one cell type and frequently include teeth, hair, sebaceous secretions, etc.

Mature teratoma is BENIGN

Immature teratoma is MALIGNANT

Question 12

Anaplasia

Answer 12

The lack of differentiation.

This is a hallmark of malignancy. The less differentiated a cell is, the more malignant or advanced that cancer is.

Question 13

Latency Period of Cancer

Answer 13

Can hang around for a long time. Potentially up to 25 years.

If patients have a previously diagnosed malignancy, no matter what, metastatic disease must ALWAYS be on the differential diagnosis if a new tumor appears.

Question 14

7 Features of Cancer

Answer 14

1. Suf-sufficiency in growth signals
2. Insensitivity to growth inhibitory signals
3. Evasion of apoptosis
4. Limitless replicative potential
5. Sustained angiogenesis
6. Ability to invade and metastasize
7. DNA repair defects