August 12, 2015 - Celiac Disease

Question 1

Culprits of Gluten

Answer 1

Wheat, Rye, and Barley

Question 2

Genetic Factors for Celiac Disease

Answer 2

HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8

You need one of these two genes to have celiac disease.

The DQ2 and DQ8 genes create receptors to which gluten peptides tightly bind, which activates T lymphocytes which cause the release of cytokines and damage the tissue.

Question 3

HLA-DQ2 and DQ8

Answer 3

At least one copy is needed for celiac disease. However, these are common in around 30% of the population, but only 3% of these people will develop the disease so the presence does not equal the condition.

Celiac disease occurs in approximately 1% of people.

Question 4

Celiac Disease Complications

Answer 4

1. Anemia (from iron deficiency)
2. Osteoporosis (from vitamin D deficiency)
3. Malnutrition (less SA for absorption)
4. Risk of cancer

Question 5

Celiac Disease Diagnosis

Answer 5

Order an anti-endomysial antibody (IgA EMA) test. - tTG Serology

It is also important to order an IgA test to ensure normal levels of IgA are being produced.

Question 6

When to Screen for Celiac Disease

Answer 6

Whenever you suspect any signs/symptoms of it. It is a cheap blood test.

Question 7

Response to Gluten-Free Diet

Answer 7

Most (95%) improve dramatically in two weeks

5% fail to improve after 2 years, however it is often due to intentional or inintentional “cheating” in their diet.