Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Parasitology Lec > SECTION 2B > Flashcards

SECTION 2B Flashcards

1
Q

Most common intestinal roundworm

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Synonym: Oxyuris vermicularis

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Giant Intestinal roundworm

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pin worm, seat worm

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

embryonated ova

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Filariform larva

A

HOOKWORMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

embryonated egg

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rhabditiform larva

A

HOOKWORMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of eggs:
a) Unfertilized: longer and narrower
b) fertilized: broadly avoidal and thick

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 layers of the egg shell
✓ albuminoid layer (absent in old specimens)
✓ chorionic layer or true shell

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

➢ filled with amorphous mass

A

Ascaris lumbricoides unfertilized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

➢ lack the cresentric clear area

A

Ascaris lumbricoides unfertilized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides fertilized egg 3 layers:

A

✓ Chorionic/true shell
✓ Vitelline layer
✓ Protein coat/Albuminous layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

: chitinous layer

A

✓ Chorionic/true shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

secretory product of the egg

A

✓ Chorionic/true shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

: fertilization membrane

A

✓ Vitelline layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

highly impermeable membrane that protects the inner embryo

A

✓ Vitelline layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

: outermost mamillated layer with a tanning action

A

✓ Protein coat/Albuminous layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

: same as fertilized but contains the larva of the embryo

A

➢ Embryonated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

: lacks the albuminous mamillated shell

A

➢ Decorticated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

usually seen in old specimens;m

A

➢ Decorticated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

it may be fertilized or unfertilized

A

➢ Decorticated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ova
- ovoidal, colorless/hyaline and thin shelled

A

HOOKWORMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Ova
- 4-8 cell stage when passed in the feces (surrounded by a clear zone)

A

HOOKWORMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • Feeding stage, short and stout
A

Rhabditiform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  • Has a long narrow buccal cavity
A

Rhabditiform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
  • Flask shaped esophagus
A

Rhabditiform larva HOOKWORMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  • Very small genital primordium
A

Rhabditiform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  • 250u long
A

Rhabditiform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

-Non-feeding

A

Filariform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

-Mouth is close with a protecting sheath

A

Filariform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

-Longer and slender with a pointed posterior end

A

Filariform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

-500-600u long

A

Filariform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

-Oesophagus fills anterior ½ of larva

A

Filariform larva HOOKWORMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

-Notched tail end

A

Filariform larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

-small, cylindrical, fusiform, grayish white

A

Adult hookworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

-relatively stout with a cervical curvature

A

Adult hookworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

-with a well-developed buccal capsule

A

Adult hookworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

: -9-13 mm by 0.35 to 0.6 mm

A

Adult hookworms ✓ Females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

: -5 – 11 mm by 0,3-0,45 mm

A

Adult hookworms ✓ Males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Ova
-Double lined chorionic shell, transparent and colorless; elongated and ovoidal with one side flattened

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Ova
-With inner embryonated layer and outer albuminous shell

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Ova
-Embryonated when laid at the perianal area

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Ova
-Remain viable up to 13 days, rarely seen in the stool

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Adult
-white, creamy or pinkish yellow when freshly expelled

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Adult
-head is provided with three conspicuous lips which are finely denticulated

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Adult
each lip has minute twinned sensory papillae.

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

✓ Females:
-35 cm long x 3-6 mm

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

✓ Females:
-straight posterior end

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

✓ Females:
-paired reproductive organs located in the 2/3 of the body

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

✓ Females:
-oviparous

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

✓ Females:
-gravid uterus : 200,000 eggs

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

✓ Males:
-10-31 cm

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

✓ Males:
-Usually shorter and slender

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

✓ Males:
-ventrically curved posterior end with 2 spicules

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Males

-genitalia: composed of a single, long tortuous tubule

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Lumen of the SI

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Cecum and appendix

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

12-17 months

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Definitive host: Man (no intermediate host needed)

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Definitive host: Man

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Reservoir host: Dogs and cats

A

Enterobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Ascariasis

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Dooryard or Backyard Infection

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Uncinariasis:

A

Necator americanus

66
Q

Ancylostomiasis:

A

Ancylostoma species

67
Q

Enterobiasis

A

Enterobius vermicularis

68
Q

Oxyuriasis

A

Enterobius vermicularis

69
Q

✓ Ascaris pneumonitis: Damage to the pulmonary tissue (petechial hemorrhage) when larvae break out of the lung capillaries into the air sacs

A

Due to larval migration

70
Q

✓ Symptoms manifested: asthmatic type of respiration; cough; bronchial rales (abnormal respiratory sound); urticarial rash (hives, vascular reaction of the upper dermis; eosinophilia in the circulatory blood)

A

Due to larval migration

71
Q

✓ Diarrhea, vague abdominal pain, nausea and loss of appetite

A

Due to adult worms

72
Q

✓ Due to its erratic behavior: vomiting; suffocation; intestinal obstruction, appendicitis; acute pancreatitis; peritonitis (perforation of the bowel)

A

Due to adult worms

73
Q

✓ Dermatitis at the site of entrance of filariform

A

Ground itch/Coolie itch/Dew itch

74
Q

✓ Intense itching, edema and erythema and later papulovesicular eruption

A

Ground itch/Coolie itch/Dew itch

75
Q

✓ Due to the exposure of the skin to the filariform larvae of A. braziliense and A caninum, occasionally of N. americanus and A duodenale.

A

Creeping eruption/Cutaneous larval migrans/Plumber’s itch/ Duck Hunter’s itch

76
Q

✓ “Serpiginous tunnel” in the stratum germinativum of the skin

A

Creeping eruption/Cutaneous larval migrans/Plumber’s itch/ Duck Hunter’s itch

77
Q

✓ Petechial hemorrhages with eosinophilic and leukocytic infiltration that induces cough and pyrexia

A

Pumonary lesions: Wakana disease

78
Q

✓ Chronic blood loss due to continuous mechanical suction of blood from the intestinal mucosa and the presence of bleeding areas left by the adult as they transfer to new areas

A

Hookworm anemia

79
Q

✓ Blood loss:
N. americanus:
A duodenale:

A

0.03-0.05 ml/day

0.16 – 0.34 ml/day

80
Q

✓ Blood picture: “Mycrocytic Hypochromic Anemia”

A

Hookworm anemia

81
Q

✓ Loss of protein due to a combined loss of blood and lymph and the protein loss is as well in excess of the loss of RBC

A

Hypoalbuminemia

82
Q

✓ Some are asymptomatic; rarely causes serious lesions

A

Enterobius vermicularis

83
Q

✓ Other symptoms
- Nocturnal perianal itching

A

Enterobius vermicularis

84
Q
  • Vulva irritation; vulvovaginitis, salpingitis
A

Enterobius vermicularis

85
Q
  • Cardinal feature: hypersensitivity
A

Enterobius vermicularis

86
Q
  • Mild nausea or vomiting
A

Enterobius vermicularis

87
Q
  • Loss of sleep, irritability
A

Enterobius vermicularis

88
Q
  • Slight irritation to intestinal mucosa
A

Enterobius vermicularis

89
Q

✓ By anus to mouth via contaminated fingers and fomites

A

Enterobius vermicularis

90
Q

✓ Through contaminated food and drinks especially if the food handler is the carrier

A

Enterobius vermicularis

91
Q

✓ Via inhalation- viable ova can float in the air

A

Enterobius vermicularis

92
Q

✓ Retro infection: gravid female after laying their eggs in the perianal area goes back through the anus to the large intestine. The larvae upon hatching migrate back to the large intestine

A

Enterobius vermicularis

93
Q

DFS, KTS, Concentration Technique, ELISA

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

94
Q

Stool examination may give negative results due to the following
- During the early stage of infection (worms are still immature)
- During larval migration through the blood stream
- When only male worms are present in the intestines

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

95
Q

a) Ground itch and creeping eruption – characteristic of the lesion and the history of skin contact with soil

A

HOOKWORMS

96
Q

b) Recovery of eggs – DFS, KTS, Brine flotation and FECT

A

HOOKWORMS

97
Q

c) Harada Mori culture technique

A

HOOKWORMS

98
Q

a) Graham Scotch Tape Technique/Cellulose Acetate Technique

A

Enterobius vermicularis

99
Q

b) NIH Swab Technique

A

Enterobius vermicularis

100
Q

c) Schuffner and Swelling Rebel Method

A

Enterobius vermicularis

101
Q

✓Sanitary disposal of human excreta

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

102
Q

✓ Personal hygiene

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

103
Q

✓ Avoid the use of night soil fertilizer

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

104
Q

✓ Thorough cooking of food particularly vegetables and washing of fruits

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

105
Q

✓ Washing solution: aqueous iodine solution (200 parts/million)

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

106
Q

✓ kills infective egg and larva in 15 minutes

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

107
Q

a) Sanitary disposal of feces

A

A. lumbricoides
HOOKWORMS

108
Q

b) Avoid sites where infected dogs and cats may defecate

A

HOOKWORMS

109
Q

c) Eradicating the infection in dogs and cats by periodic antihelminthic treatment

A

HOOKWORMS

110
Q

d) Personal hygiene such as use of shoes or slippers

A

HOOKWORMS

111
Q

e) Avoiding ingestion of raw vegetables

A

HOOKWORMS

112
Q

extremely difficult once infection sets in the household

A

Enterobius vermicularis

113
Q

✓ Home and community sanitation

A

Enterobius vermicularis

114
Q

✓ Better personal hygiene; fingernails should be cut short

A

Enterobius vermicularis

115
Q

✓ Use showers rather than bath tubs

A

Enterobius vermicularis

116
Q

✓ Infected persons should sleep alone

A

Enterobius vermicularis

117
Q

Mebendazole (500mg)

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

118
Q

Pyrantel pamoate (10 mg/kg (maximum of 1 g))

A

Ascaris lumbricoides
Hookworms

119
Q

Albendazole (400 mg)

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

120
Q

Mebendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, Oxantel

A

HOOKWORMS

121
Q

Severe anemia- raise the hemoglobin level to about 70-80 g/l

A

HOOKWORMS

122
Q

Iron therapy (Ferrous sulfate, 200 mg 3x a day for 3 months)

A

HOOKWORMS

123
Q

Human Hookworms:

A
124
Q

Animal Hookworms:

A
125
Q

: (cause skin lesions or larval migrans in man)

A

Animal Hookworms

126
Q

: American hookworm/American murderer

A

a) Necator americanus

127
Q

New World Hookworm

A

a) Necator americanus

128
Q

: Old world hookworm

A

b) Ancylostoma duodenale

129
Q

(cat hookworm)

A

d) Ancylostoma braziliense

130
Q

(dog hookworm)

A

e) Ancylostoma caninum

131
Q
  • 1 pair of semilunar cutting plates, dorsal median tooth, deep pair of triangular subventral lancets
A

Necator americanus

132
Q
  • fused spicules; deep cleft
A

Necator americanus

133
Q
  • bipartite dorsal rays
A

Necator americanus

134
Q
  • 2 pairs of fused ventral teeth
A

Ancylostoma duodenale

135
Q
  • unfused spicules; shallow cleft
A

Ancylostoma duodenale

136
Q
  • tripartite dorsal rays
A

Ancylostoma duodenale

137
Q
  • 3 pairs of ventral teeth
A

Ancylostoma caninum

138
Q
  • bursa is supported by long, slender rays
A

Ancylostoma caninum

139
Q
  • 1 pair of larger outer teeth and 1 pair of very inconspicuous median teeth
A

Ancylostoma braziliense

140
Q
  • bursa is supported by short stubby rays
A

Ancylostoma braziliense

141
Q

Ova 56-60 µ x 34-40µ

A

Hookworms

142
Q

2 species:

A

S. stercoralis, S. fuellerborni

143
Q

Threadworm

A
144
Q
  1. Ova
    not found in feces except in diarrhea and hyperistalsis
A
145
Q
  1. Ova
    contains a fully developed embryo
A
146
Q
  1. Ova
    ovoidal thin shelled, transparent, resembles a Chinese lantern
A
147
Q
  1. Rhabditiform larva

Flask-shaped & stout esophagus

A
148
Q
  1. Rhabditiform larva

Short buccal cavity

A
149
Q
  1. Rhabditiform larva

Conspicuous genital primordium

A
150
Q
  1. Filariform larva

Non-feeding stage with a long and delicate esophagus

A
151
Q
  1. Filariform larva

Forked or notched tail

A
152
Q
  1. Adult

well – developed buccal capsule

A
153
Q
  1. Adult

no teeth, no cutting plates

A
154
Q
  1. Adult

but bears a crown of chitinous, leaf-like processes

A
155
Q

2 PHASES of development

A
  1. Parasitic
  2. Free-living
156
Q

✓ inhabits the intestine of host

A
157
Q

✓ female is a delicate filiform worm

A
158
Q

✓ L: 2.2 mm

A
159
Q

✓ esophagus: occupies 1/3 of the anterior part (longer)

A
160
Q

✓ Parthenogenetic

A
161
Q

✓ Parthenogenetic

A
162
Q

✓ Parthenogenetic

A

Clinical Parasitology Lec (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions