CILLIATE

Question 1

➢ Members of this genus are exclusively parasitic in the digestive tract of invertebrate host.

Answer 1

Genus Balantidium

Question 2

As in other ciliates, asexual multiplication is accomplished by

Answer 2

transverse binary fission

Question 3

Pathogenic

Answer 3

Balantidium coli

Question 4

Lumen, mucosa, submucosa of the large intestine

Answer 4

Balantidium coli

Question 5

Ingestion of infective cysts (probably from feces of swine)

Answer 5

Balantidium coli

Question 6

(Invasive stage)

Answer 6

1. Trophozoite

Question 7

1. Trophozoite ✓ Ovoid (sometime assumes sac shaped); usually 40 – 50 um but can reach up to 200 um

Answer 7

Balantidium coli

Question 8

1. Trophozoite ✓ 2 kinds of nuclei: kidney-shaped macronucleus and dot-like micronucleus

Answer 8

Balantidium coli

Question 9

1. Trophozoite ✓ Covered with cilia – enclosed in a delicate protective pellicle covered with spiral cilia

Answer 9

Balantidium coli

Question 10

1. Trophozoite ✓ Funnel-shaped cytostome

Answer 10

Balantidium coli

Question 11

1. Trophozoite ✓ Cytoplasm: contractile vacuoles, macronucleus and micronucleus, and food vacuoles

Answer 11

Balantidium coli

Question 12

1. Trophozoite ✓ Motility: rapid rotary motion

Answer 12

Balantidium coli

Question 13

1. Trophozoite ✓ Reproduction: transverse binary fission

Answer 13

Balantidium coli

Question 14

(Infective stage)

Answer 14

2. Cyst

Question 15

2. Cyst ✓ Infective stage

Answer 15

Balantidium coli

Question 16

2. Cyst ✓ Mononucleated, spherical and oval in shape

Answer 16

Balantidium coli

Question 17

2. Cyst ✓ Thick refractile cell wall (refractile double wall enclosing cilia)

Answer 17

Balantidium coli

Question 18

✓ No multiplication in the cystic stage

Answer 18

Balantidium coli

Question 19

✓ When ingested by new host, the cyst wall will be dissolved

Answer 19

Balantidium coli

Question 20

▪ Diseases: Balantidiasis, Balantidiosis, Balantidial dysentery

Answer 20

Balantidium coli

Question 21

▪ Pathogenicity: same with E. histolytica but in fatal cases, ulceration and gangrene are observed

Answer 21

Balantidium coli

Question 22

➢ Abdominal discomfort plus dysentery

Answer 22

Balantidium coli

Question 23

➢ Organism invades tissues: submucosal lesions and hemorrhage

Answer 23

Balantidium coli

Question 24

 Direct Fecal Smear

Answer 24

Balantidium coli

Question 25

 Concentration techniques

Answer 25

Balantidium coli

Question 26

 Culture method (Barnet and Yarbrough’s medium, Balamuth’s medium)

Answer 26

Balantidium coli

Question 27

Prevention same with E. histolytica

Answer 27

Balantidium coli

Question 28

Metronidazole

Answer 28

Balantidium coli