SECTION 2A : MORPHOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, LIFE CYCLE, SPECIMENS USED FOR IDENTIFICATION, DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES, PREVENTION & CONTROL OF APHASMID NEMATODES (ADENOPHOREA)

Question 1

The (?) (also called the Aphasmidia) seems to be the most primitive group of nematodes.

Answer 1

Adenophorea

Question 2

Mainly, they are free living in soil and water; however, there are a few parasitic forms of aphasmids.

Answer 2

Adenophorea

Question 3

As the alternate name implies, they do not have phasmids, and the amphids are located posteriorly on the head region.

Answer 3

Adenophorea

Question 4

In fact, they have no sensory bristles or papillae on the head and body.

Answer 4

Adenophorea

Question 5

They are simple, spindle simple excretory organs (singlecelled).

Answer 5

Adenophorea

Question 6

Trichina worm

Answer 6

Trichinella spiralis

Question 7

Trichinella spiralis Infective stage:

Answer 7

Encysted larva

Question 8

Trichinella spiralis Main Habitat:

Answer 8

small intestine, skeletal muscles (larva)

Question 9

Trichinella spiralis Final Hosts:

Answer 9

hogs, rats, man

Question 10

Trichinella spiralis Intermediate hosts:

Answer 10

same animal as the final host

Question 11

Trichinella spiralis Developmental stages:

Answer 11

1. Larva
2. Adults

Question 12

Larva: at birth: 80-120 µm & highly coiled

Answer 12

Trichinella spiralis

Question 13

Larva: has spear-like burrowing tip at its tapering anterior end

Answer 13

Trichinella spiralis

Question 14

Larva: grows rapidly about 1 mm

Answer 14

Trichinella spiralis

Question 15

Adults: rarely seen in stool or any material

Answer 15

Trichinella spiralis

Question 16

Females: 3.5 mm x 0.06 mm

Question 17

Females: Posterior end: bluntly rounded; anterior fifth: with single vulva

Question 18

Females: LARVIPAROUS

Question 19

Males: 1.5 mm x 0.04 mm

Question 20

Males: posterior end: ventrally curved with two lobular caudal appendages