SECRETS Neurology - Brain Tumors & Neurocutaneous Disorders Flashcards
brain tumor sx
mass effect - tumor compressing brain
hydrocephalus, papilledema, nausea/vomiting, headache, mental status changes
seizures, focal neuro signs, dementia
most common location of tumor in adults? kids?
adult = supratentorial kids = infratentorial
most common primary tumor in adults? kids?
adults = astrocytoma kids = astrocytoma
metastases > primary
astrocytoma type with worst prognosis
glioblastoma multiforme
other lower grades of astrocytoma (juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma) may evolve into glioblastoma multiforme
glioblastoma multiforme histology
psueodpalisading arrangement of tumor cells
crosses over into both hemispheres
calcifications on intracranial mass?
meningioma
oligodendroglioma
meningioma
calcifications
frontal lobe
whorled pattern with psammoma bodies
benign tumor of arachnoid cells of meninges
external to brain, can be resected easily
oligodendroglioma
calcifications
frontal lobe
fried egg appearance
second most common primary tumor in adults? kids?
adults = meningioma kids = medulloblastoma
medulloblastoma
malignant tumor of cerebellum
lomustine, carmustine
alkylating agents = nitrosoureas
cross BBB
what can cross BBB
small
lipid soluble
nonpolar
tuberous sclerosis
rare AD neurocutaneous disorder
epileptogenic subependymal tumors
tuberous sclerosis sx
seizures, mental retardation
ash-leaf spots = multiple, ovate, hypopigmented macules
shagreen patches = rough skin patch
tuberous sclerosis tumor assoc
renal angiomyolipoma
cardiac rhabdomyoma (hx cardiac murmur at birth)
CNS hamartomas
subependymal giant cell astrocytomas
