Rx Neuro 3/15

Question 1

HIV encephalitis - what cells infected?

histology?

Answer 1

microglia

microglial nodule = multinucleated giant cell

Question 2

biceps reflex nerves

Answer 2

C5, C6

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 3

VZV latency

Answer 3

dorsal root ganglia

Question 4

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 4

adverse rxn to antipsychotics

blockage of dopamine receptors

muscular rigidity, fever, autonomic instability, dyspnea, diaphoresis, confusion, altered mental status

high liver enzymes, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis

young men
intramuscular injection
high dose
concurrent lithium use

tx with dantrolene and dopamine agonist

mortality due to AKI

Question 5

status epilepticus tx/prophylaxis

Answer 5

BENZOS

prophylaxis = phenytoin

Question 6

benzos moa

Answer 6

+ freq of cl channel opening

Question 7

bell palsy

Answer 7

ipsi dry eye, dry mouth, decreased taste, retroauricular pain, sensitivity to noise, facial paralysis

Question 8

increased intracranial pressure sx

Answer 8

comatose
bradycardia
hypertension
papilledema
dilated/unreactive pupil

Question 9

ICP tx

Answer 9

intubation
hyperventilation (short-lived)
mannitol (osmotic diuretic)

find underlying cause

Question 10

trisomy 21 assoc

Answer 10

down syndrome
developmental delay
congenital heart defect early onset Alzheimer's
ALL
AML

Question 11

gerstmann syndrome

Answer 11

• agraphia
• aclaculia
• finger agnosia
• right left disorientation

damage to left visual association cortex = angular gyrus near temporoparietal junction

reading is OK

Question 12

albinism pathophys

Answer 12

lack of tyrosinase activity in melanocytes

from neural crest cells

Question 13

neural crest cells

Answer 13

melanocytes
odontoblasts
pia/arachnoid mater
schwann cells
cells of ganglia
parafollicular C cells of thyroid
chromaffin cells
aorticopulmonary septum
pharyngeal arch skeletal components
neurocranium

Question 14

PCP toxicity tx

Answer 14

benzos

haloperidol

Question 15

psamomma bodies

Answer 15

lamellated mineral deposits formed via calcification of whorled clusters of cells found within the tumor

Question 16

psamomma bodies assoc

Answer 16

Papillary (thyroid), prolactinoma
Serous cystadenocarcinoma (ovary), somatostatinoma
a
Meningioma
Mesothelioma
o
m
a

Question 17

meningioma

Answer 17

arise from arachnoid cells external to brain

Question 18

spastic paraplegia

Answer 18

motor disorder

affects corticospinal tract

Question 19

part of brain that controls vomiting

Answer 19

area postrema of medulla
contains chemoreceptor trigger zone

floor of 4th ventricle and communicates with vomiting center
outside BBB

Question 20

prochlorperazine

Answer 20

anti-psychotic used for anti-emetic properties

dopamine blocker at chemoreceptor trigger zone