Micro = Toxins Flashcards by Mai Nguyen

Inhibit protein synthesis

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Pseudomonas
Shigella
EHEC

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Increase fluid secretion

ETEC
Bacillus anthracis
Vibrio cholerae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inhibit phagocytic ability

Bordatella pertussis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inhibit release of NT

Clostridium tetani

Clostridium botulinum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lyse cell membranes

Clostridium perfringens

Strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Superantigens causing shock

Staph aureus

Strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin

Diphtheria toxin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diphtheria toxin

Inactivate EF-2

Pharyngitis with pseudomembranes in throat and severe LAD (bull’s neck)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pseudomonas toxin

Exotoxin A

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Exotoxin A (Pseudomonas)

Inactivate EF-2

Host cell death

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Shigella toxin

Shiga toxin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Shiga toxin

Inactivate 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA

GI mucosal damage –> dysentery

Enhance cytokine release –> HUS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

EHEC toxin

Shiga-like toxin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Shiga-like toxin

Inactivate 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA

Enhance cytokine release –> HUS

Does not invade host cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ETEC toxins

Heat-labile toxin

Heat-stable toxin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Heat-labile toxin

Overactivates adenylate cyclase –> + cAMP –> + Cl- secretion in gut and H2O efflux

Watery diarrhea

Heat-stable toxin

Overactivates guanylate cyclase –> + cGMP –> - resorption of NaCl & H2O in gut

Watery diarrhea

Bacillus anthracis toxin

Edema toxin

Mimics the adenylate cyclase enzyme –> + cAMP

Edematous borders of black eschar in cutaneous anthrax

Vibrio cholerae toxin

Cholera toxin

Overactivates adenylate cyclase –> + cAMP by permanently activating Gs –> + Cl- secretion in gut and H2O efflux

Voluminous “rice-water” diarrhea

Bordatella pertussis toxin

Pertussis toxin

Overactivates adenylate cyclase –> + cAMP by disabling Gi –> impair phagocytosis –> permit survival of microbe

Whooping cough

Clostridium tetani toxin

Tetanospasmin

Protease that cleaves SNARE --> inhibit release of GABA/glycine from Renshaw cells Spastic paralysis, risus sardonicus, lockjaw

Clostridium botulinum toxin

Botulinum toxin

Protease that cleaves SNARE --> inhibit release of ACh from NMJ Flaccid paralysis, floppy baby

Clostridium perfringens toxin

Alpha toxin

Phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissue and cell membranes Degradation of phospholipids --> myonecrosis and hemolysis

Strep pyogenes toxin

Streptolysin O | Exotoxin A

Streptolysin O

Protein that degrades cell membrane Lyse RBCs --> B-hemolysis Host antibodies against toxin (ASO) used to diagnose RF

Staph aureus toxins

Toxic shock syndrome toxin Exfoliative toxin Heat-stable enterotoxin

Toxic shock syndrome toxin

Binds MHC II & TCR outside antigen binding site to cause overwhelming release of IL-1, IL-2, IFN-y, TNF-a --> shock Toxic shock syndrome = fever, rash, shock

Exfoliative toxin

Scalded skin syndrome

Heat-stable enterotoxin

Food poisoning

Exotoxin A (Strep pyogenes)

Binds MHC II & TCR outside antigen binding site to cause overwhelming release of IL-1, IL-2, IFN-y, TNF-a --> shock Toxic shock-like syndrome = fever, rash, shock Scarlet fever