Science test Flashcards
what is a scientist who studies the classification and origin of all types of rocks
petrologist
the law of conservation of matter implies that the earth’s matter can change in form but not in mass
true
most rocks are a micture of two or more minerals
true
_______ rocks aare formed whe molten rock cools and hardens
igneous
what are the individual rock particles, crystals, and sometimes fossils that combine to give a rock its texture known as
grains
rocks can be classified on the basis of size and shpae but not on the patern of their grains
false
Many young earth geologists think that the basement rocks created on the third day of Creation were probably what
igneous rocks
which of these may contain large interlocking minral crystals coarse grained igneous rock instrusive igneous rock
coarse grained ingeous rock
________ is a type of rock that is often light enough to float in water
pumice
the term __________ describes rocks that have crystals so small that you cant’ see them wiht your eys and sometimes not even with a microsope
aphanitic
_____________is a tpe of rock that is so smooth and shiny that is is called volcanic glass
obsidian
which type of rock is basalt or andesite igneous sedimentarty metamorphic
igneous
what tyep of rock is grantie or gabbro
igneous rock
igneous rocks do not make the best building materials because they tend to weather easily
false
old earth geologists believe that it took millions of yerars for layers of sedimentary rocks to form
true
which type of rock is most closely tied to the process of erosion
sedimentary rock
the existence of widespread sedimentary rock demonstrates that the earth’s eniter suface experienced widespread catactrophic flooding
true
which of these steps would come between depostion and cementation in the formatio of a sedimentary compaction erosion precipitation pumice
compaction
which of the following does not belong with the other three clay magma pebbles sand
magma
_______ are fragments of rocks that fuse together to form a learger rock
clasts
____________ rocks form from bonded rock fragments or fossils that have been transported by water or wind or from the precipitation of minerals from supersaturated water solutions
sedimentary
what type of rock is a conlomerate or breccia igneous sedimentary metamorphic
sedimentary
many non clastic sedimentary rocks develop when chemicals precipitate out of solutions
true
rocks formed from minerals precipitated from water are what
non clastic sedimentary rock
deposits of halite that penertrate vertically through rock strata are called slat _______
domes
what type of rock is limestone or chalk igneous sedimentrary metamorphic
sedimentary
fossils are usually found in _______ rock
sedimentary
some limestones are condiseded to be inorganic nonlcastic sedimentary rocks while other are organic nonclastic or clatic sedimentary rocks
true
fossils are commonly found in grantie
false
chalk is an orgnaic sedimentary rock that is it formed from the remains of living oraganimss
true
cement and concrete are composedd mainly of igneous rocks
false
some metamorphic rocks can be changed into other metamorphic rocks through metamorphism
true
a type of rock that apperas to have been changed form itss orignal form is callled what
metamorphic rock
when heat and pressure from magma cause changes to occur to surrounding rocks ______ metamorpism has occcured
contact
_______ metamorphic rocks contain crystals in bands or parallel layers
foliated
rock containing raisn that apper to be aligned more or less parallel to a nearby fualt has probably experienced _____ metamorphism
dynamic
What type of rock is slate ro geniss igneous sedimentary metamorphic
metamorphic
metamorphic rocks only form under very cool condititons
false
when limestone has undergone metamorphosis it turens tinto
marble
what type of rock is marble or quartzite igneous sedimenatry metamorphic
metamorphic
the traditonal rock cycle fits gbetter with an old earth worldview than a young earth view
true
sedimentary rocks are the starting material for most versions of the rock cycle
false
in the old earth version of the rock cycle most rocks will eventually returen to what and melt
mantle
