Salivary Gland Diseases Flashcards
Sialadenitis
Inflammation of salivary glands
Sialadenitis can be infectious or non-infectious. Most common infectious cause?
Staph Aureus
Acute Bacterial Sialadenitis typically involves what gland?
Parotid Gland
Chronic sialadenitis is generally due to what?
Recurrent or persistent ductal obstruction due to a stone
What is a sialolith?
Stone in a salivary duct
clinical presentation of sialolith?
episodic pain and swelling usually at a mealtime
Kuttner tumor?
Submandibular involvement due to chronic sialadenitis
Treatment of acute sialadenitis?
antibacterial and rehydration
Treatment of chronic sialadenitis?
sialolith removal
80% of salivary gland tumors involve what gland?
Parotid
What percentage of salivary gland tumors are benign?
70%
As a general rule, the smaller the salivary gland, the more likely the tumor inside is malignant
ok…
Parotid is largest
Sublingual is smallest (90% malignant but tumors are rare)
What is a pleomorphic adenoma
The most common type of salivary gland tumor (50%)
What cell types do pleomorphic adenomas arise from?
ductal epithelium and mesenchymal elements
epidemiology of pleomorphic adenomas
middle aged females
Typical presentation
slow growing, painless, movable mass
Can carcinoma develop from pleomorphic adenoma?
Yes, rarely. It is generally a tumor that has been growing slowly for many years and then all of a sudden takes off
Pleomorphic adenoma treatment?
Surgical excision
What is the main complication of a parotidectomy?
Injury to the facial nerve (cranial nerve 7)
Warthin’s Tumor
second most common benign tumor of the parotid
Warthin’s tumor more common in who?
males
Warthin’s tumor clinical pres
painless, slow growing mass in the tail of the parotid
Know the distinctive histology of a warthin’s tumor
ok
Mainstay of treatment for Warthin’s tumor
Surgical excision, very low recurrence rate.
With excision, prognosis is good
What is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary glands?
Mucoepidermal carcinoma
epidemiology of mucoepidermal carcinoma?
middle aged ppl…slightly more common in females
Most common sites of mucoepidermal carcinoma
parotid gland and minor glands of palate
Mucopidermal carcinoma histology
mucous and squamous cells
Remember what grade means?
How bad it looks to the pathologist
Stage means what
Anatomic extent of the tumor
What’s the most important determinant of prognosis in mucoepidermal carcinoma?
Grade….which is unique. Usually stage is more important
