Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards
Inflammatory Bowel Disease is defined as
a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine
Two major forms of IBD
Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis
The Hygiene hypothesis is
Incidence of immune-mediated diseases is rising in developed countries and many scientists wonder whether it may be due to relatively good modern hygiene or lack of exposure to bacteria.
The data surrounding this and IBD is conflicting
What is ulcerative colitis?
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the GI tract affecting the large bowel. Features a dilated and thin colon whith severe inflammation
Where does ulcerative colitis start?
Begins in the rectum and extends proximally
What is seen on endoscopy with ulcerative colitis?
hyperemia (redness), edema, granularity, easy bleeding, broad based ulceration, pseudopolyps,rarely perforation
Toxic megacolon is?
shutdown of neuromuscular function secondary to exposure of fecal material to muscularis mucosa and neural plexus
Psuedopolyps=
ulcerative colitis
On microscopic pathology, ulcerative colitis is limited to what areas?
mucosal and submucosal layers. This is characteristic of ulcerative colitis
ulcerative proctitis
confined to rectum
In ulcerative proctitis rectal bleeding may be the only sign of the disease. May also have rectal pain, a feeling of urgency or inability to move bowels in spite of the urge to do so (tenesmus)
ok
Proctosigmoiditis
Involves the rectum and sigmoid. Bloody diarrhea, cramps, tenesmus
Left sided colitis
Disease extends from the rectum up the left side and through the sigmoid and descending colon. You would see bloody diarrhea, pain on left side, and wt loss
Wt loss first seen in what type of UC
Left sided
Pancolitis
Affects the entire colon.
You would see bouts of bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps and pain, fatigue, wt loss
