S1_L2_MSKI - 7-10

Question 1

CORTICAL bones are __ in MRI

Answer 1

dark

Question 2

bursa appears __ in t2

Answer 2

white

Question 3

in t2 mri of the shoulder, it will look __

Answer 3

dark bc of fat conteent

Question 4

ELEMENTS OF AN MRI SCANNER

Answer 4

magnet
gradient coils
rf coils
workstation
computer

Question 5

Rests within a gantry large enough for the
human body and within the necessary receiver coils

Answer 5

magnet

Question 6

The magnet has a field strength of around _ Tesla

Answer 6

0.3 – 3

Question 7

1 Tesla = __ time the Earth’s magnetic field

Answer 7

20,000

Question 8

_are also common where the patient is not fully surrounded by a magnet

Answer 8

Open scanners

Question 9

how many gradient coils

Answer 9

3

Question 10

Three gradient coils, one for each
__ are located within the _ of the MRI unit

Answer 10

orthogonal plane, core

Question 11

The _ produce sequential
variations in the magnetic field that are used for providing _

Answer 11

gradient coils, spatial info

Question 12

RF COILS serves 2 prposes

Answer 12

○ (1) Transmission of RF pulses that alter
the alignment of the protons
○ (2) Receive the signals emitted from the
protons

Question 13

Send and receives radiofrequency, which
in turn uses it to create pictures of the
body

Answer 13

rf coils

Question 14

Encircles the patient for the reception of larger areas
such as the hip, spine, and pelvis

Answer 14

● Body Coil

Question 15

gradient coil is Too large for the resolution of smaller joints t or f

Answer 15

f, rf coil

Question 16

Imaging protocols are selected by the MRI technologist or
radiologist prior to imaging

Answer 16

WORKSTATION

Question 17

Directs the scanning process, converts data from
the RF coils and reconstructs the images

Answer 17

COMPUTER

Question 18

computer converts data from __

Answer 18

rf coils

Question 19

Direct of the scanning process, converts the data that is
received by the radiofrequency
coils and reconstructs it

Answer 19

computer

Question 20

Greater ability to scan
claustrophobic/obese patients in MRI

Answer 20

open scanners

Question 21

Reduction of scanning noise in what ype of mri scanner

Answer 21

open scanners

Question 22

Ability to examine joints in WB conditions
to be able to detect protrusions,
herniations and spinal stenosis

Answer 22

upright scanners

Question 23

Possibilities for performing tests or
procedures during scanning

Answer 23

open scanners

Question 24

there is _ field strength, requiring adjustment of imaging sequences in open
scanner

Answer 24

lower

Question 25

there is higer signal to noise ration in open scanners t or f

Answer 25

f, lower

Question 26

○ Longer scanning times in open scanners t or f

Answer 26

t

Question 27

Ability to examine patients too big to fit into the bore of the magnet or must be scanned in the upright position for patients with medical conditions such as heart failure or seer thoracic kyphosis

Answer 27

UPRIGHT SCANNERS

Question 28

Longer scanning times in both upright and open t orf

Answer 28

t

Question 29

Possible image degradation in open t or f

Answer 29

f, iin upright

Question 30

Placement of the patient in a painful position which may increase movement which will lead to decreased image quality in open t or f

Answer 30

f, in upright

Question 31

As much as possible, you can move in MRI t or f

Answer 31

f, cannot move in MRI

Question 32

Coronal Images are viewed from the _ (facing the patient)

Answer 32

front

Question 33

● Axial images are viewed from _

Answer 33

below

Question 34

Sagittal images are viewed from _ for either side of the body

Answer 34

left to right

Question 35

T1: FAT

Answer 35

high signal intesnity

Question 36

T1: free water

Answer 36

low signal intesnity

Question 37

T1: red bone marrow

Answer 37

intermediate intensity

Question 38

T1: yelllow bone marrow

Answer 38

high signal intesnity

Question 39

T2: fat

Answer 39

intermediate singal density

Question 40

T2: free water

Answer 40

high signal intesnity

Question 41

T1/T2 for tnedons lig, menisci

Answer 41

Low signal intensity

Question 42

T1/t2: cortical bone

Answer 42

Low signal intensity

Question 43

T1: muscles

Answer 43

internmediate signal intensity

Question 44

T2: muscles

Answer 44

intermediate but slghtly lower

Question 45

T1: cartilage

Answer 45

intermediate

Question 46

T2: cartilage

Answer 46

intermediate

Question 47

T1: acute

Answer 47

high signal intensity

Question 48

T2 acute

Answer 48

low to moderate signal intensity

Question 49

Moderate to high intensities on both T1 and T2 weighted images in what hemorrhage

Answer 49

subacute hemrrohage

Question 50

t1 chronic hemorrhage

Answer 50

variable intesnity

Question 51

t2 chornic hemorrhage

Answer 51

high signal intesnity

Question 52

INFLAMMATION & OTHER PATHOLOGY THAT INC FREE WATER CONTENT in T1

Answer 52

low signal intesnity

Question 53

INFLAMMATION & OTHER PATHOLOGY THAT INC FREE WATER CONTENT in T2

Answer 53

increased signal intensity

Question 54

PROLIFERATED SYNOVIUM ASSOCIATED WITH RA in T1/T2

Answer 54

● Intermediate to high density on both

Question 55

Associated with infiltration of fate and fluid

Answer 55

muscle atrophy

Question 56

t1 t2 muscle atrophy?

Answer 56

Increased signal intensity on T1 and T2 weighted images

Question 57

Contain little to no free water in _

Answer 57

soft tissue calcifications

Question 58

t1/t2 of soft tissue calcifications

Answer 58

low siignal intesnity

Question 59

SOFT TISSUE TUMORS has __

Answer 59

high free water content

Question 60

t1 soft tissue

Answer 60

low signal intesnity

Question 61

t2 soft tissue

Answer 61

high signal intesnity

Question 62

BONE TUMORS t1/t2

Answer 62

Various intensities, depends on osteolytic or osteogenic

Question 63

Displayed as straight or serpingious (worm-like) lines of low signal intensities on both T1 and T2

Answer 63

ACUTE FRACTURES

Question 64

These lines are typically surrounded by _ in acute fx

Answer 64

bone marrow edema

Question 65

t1 acute fx

Answer 65

low singal intesnity

Question 66

t2 acute fx

Answer 66

high signal intesnity

Question 67

May display as bone bruises,

Answer 67

stress fx

Question 68

t1 stress fx

Answer 68

low signal intesnity

Question 69

t2 stress fx

Answer 69

high signal intensity

Question 70

MRI Has replaced _ for the detection of meniscal tears

Answer 70

athroscopy,

Question 71

t or f use ct scan for Disc herniation and nerve root impingement

Answer 71

f, mri

Question 72

Ability to stage neoplasms in bone and soft tissues as well as the extent of soft tissue invasion

Answer 72

mri

Question 73

Soft tissue detail esp for sports injuries such as tendons, ligaments, menisci, etc.

Answer 73

mri

Question 74

Changes and variations in bone marrow for the diagnosis of bone tumors, stress fractures, and avascular necrosis

Answer 74

mri

Question 75

LIMITATIONS OF MRI

Answer 75

● Imaging of cortical bone ● Length of time needed to produce and image ● High cost for imaging

Question 76

CONTRAINDICATIONS & HEALTH CONCERNS

Answer 76

● Ferromagnetic surgical clips can be displaced ● Orthopedic hardware can cause image distortion ● Possible malfunctioning of a pacemaker within or near the magnetic field ● Claustrophobia ● Children and patients who are not able to stay still need to be sedated

Question 77

Displacement of brain aneurysm clips can cause __

Answer 77

fatal hemorrhages

Question 78

Creates images based on the radiodensity of tissues

Answer 78

CT SCAN

Question 79

Creates images based on the energy emitted from hydrogen protons in water or soft tissues

Answer 79

MRI

Question 80

● Less expense ● Greater availability ● Faster imaging times ● Thinner slices ● Less loss of image quality owing to motion ● Easier imaging of individuals with metal implants

Answer 80

CT SCAN

Question 81

● Greater contrast resolution for soft tissue imaging ● Greater ability to image organs surrounded by dense bones structures ● No ionizing radiation ● Less risk of missing disease processes missed by one sequence are picked up by using another sequcne

Answer 81

MRI