PEDIALEC_S1_L2 - P4-P6

Question 1

(Attention/Concentration): with time component

Answer 1

attention

Question 2

(Attention/Concentration): how easily a pt can go back to original task after a stimulus/distraction

Answer 2

concentration

Question 3

Able to carry on task despite the difficulties

Answer 3

frustration tolerance

Question 4

Ability to wait for your turn

Answer 4

impulse control

Question 5

Turn – taking skills, waiting for instructions

Answer 5

Impulse control

Question 6

(3) assessment tested for sensorimotor skills

Answer 6

ROM, FMT/MMT, Tone assessment

Question 7

POOR Frustration tolerance: shows frustration after doing ___% of task; needs ____ prompting to continue c task

Answer 7

0-25; maximal

Question 8

FAIR Frustration tolerance: Shows frustration after doing ____% of task; needs ____ prompting

Answer 8

26 - 75; moderate

Question 9

GOOD Frustration tolerance: shows frustration after doing ___ % of task or does not show frustration; needs ___ prompting

Answer 9

> 75; minimal

Question 10

a child was instructed to walk over small toy soldiers for 10 meters. The PT notes that the child has difficulty in walking and on the 2nd meter, the child cried and displayed tantrums and doesn’t want to continue with the task even when promised with rewards. How do you document this?

Answer 10

O> Behavior > P frustration tolerance

Question 11

Standard position in postural analysis

Answer 11

standing

Question 12

5 positions in postural analysis

Answer 12

supine, prone, sitting, standing, kneeling

Question 13

Postural terms: Extension of the trunk due to stroking of paraspinalis; D/t spasticity of the paraspinalis muscle

Answer 13

Opisthotonus

Question 14

Postural terms: UE in FABER (no tone)

Answer 14

Strap

Question 15

Postural terms: LE in FABER

Answer 15

Pithed frog

Question 16

(T or F) FMT is usually used when a child cannot follow instructions

Answer 16

T

Question 17

MMT for children: w resistance

Answer 17

4

Question 18

MMT for children: trace

Answer 18

1

Question 19

MMT for children: against gravity

Answer 19

3

Question 20

MMT for children: gravity eliminated

Answer 20

2

Question 21

MMT for children: no movement

Answer 21

0

Question 22

what age can modified MMT be used in children?

Answer 22

4 and above but can be used by 3 if child can follow instructions

Question 23

What is under tone assessment

Answer 23

● Normotonic
● Hypotonic
● Hypertonic/spastic
● Fluctuating

Question 24

Identify what Grade: Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by
a catch & release or by minimal resistance at
the end of the ROM

Answer 24

1

Question 25

Identify what Grade: More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but affected part is easily moved

Answer 25

2

Question 26

Identify what Grade: Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimal resistance in less than half of the ROM

Answer 26

1+

Question 27

Identify what Grade: No increase in tone

Answer 27

0

Question 28

Identify What Grade: Affected part is rigid in flexion/extension

Answer 28

4

Question 29

Identify what Grade: Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult

Answer 29

3

Question 30

Document this: A 5 y/o child diagnosed with CP Spastic (L) hemiplegia was instructed to reach overhead for toy fruits using his (L) UE. The PT decides to do the task in supine and in sitting. The PT notes that the child is able to do the task both in sitting and in supine. How do you document this finding?

Answer 30

O: Sensorimotor skills > FMT > (+) Voluntary movements > (L) UE: able to reach for toys overhead in sitting

Question 31

Document this: A 2 y/o child was dx to have CP Spastic Quadriplegia. The PT notes that the elbow is fully bent and tried to strengthen the pt’s elbow quickly then slowly. In quickly straightening the elbow, the PT only felt resistance on the last 10° of ext. However, when the PT slowly straightened the elbow form a fully bent position, the PT notes that it is easier to move the limb. The PT does the same on the other limb and observed the same results. How do you document the findings?

Answer 31

O: Sensorimotor Skills> Tone assessment> (+) Grade 1 spasticity on (B) elbow flexors (using Modified Ashworth Scale)

Question 32

Parallel to sensory testing to adults; used for kids as sensory testing is too complex for children

Answer 32

sensoriperceptual skills

Question 33

When holding the child, always support the __ & __

Answer 33

head; hips

Question 34

What are the perceptual skills

Answer 34

● Proprioception ● Kinesthesia, R/L Discrimination ● Figure-ground relations ● Stereognosis ● Spatial relation

Question 35

May be tested if the child can already understand instructions (same c kinesthesia; usually for 7 y/o and above)

Answer 35

proprioception

Question 36

“Ano mas harap/likod?”

Answer 36

Figure-ground discrimination

Question 37

“Saan nakaturo ang daliri?"

Answer 37

proprioception

Question 38

Saan papunta ang daliri?”

Answer 38

Kinesthesia, R/L Discrimination

Question 39

Visual Perceptual Skills

Answer 39

Threat Tracking Localization

Question 40

Tactile Perceptual Skills

Answer 40

Light touch Pain Pressure

Question 41

Auditory Perceptual Skill

Answer 41

Localization

Question 42

Threat Stimulus

Answer 42

Include distance

Question 43

Tracking Stimulus

Answer 43

Include the distance

Question 44

Localization Stimulus

Answer 44

And direction

Question 45

How to test for threat

Answer 45

PT’s hand closes then opens spontaneously fast on the child’s face

Question 46

How far should be PT's hand for threat

Answer 46

4 in away

Question 47

Tracking is done after __ where they move the toy

Answer 47

Localization

Question 48

What are the considerations for localization

Answer 48

Outside the visual field of the patient, PT can present a toy away from the baby; toy toy should not have any sound to differentiate from auditory localization

Question 49

How far should be the toy for localization

Answer 49

~6 in away

Question 50

Response for threat

Answer 50

Crying, cooing, no response

Question 51

Response for tracking

Answer 51

Baby follows toy, no response

Question 52

Response for localizaation

Answer 52

Baby looks at toy, no response

Question 53

Stimulus for light touch

Answer 53

PT’s finger lightly touching the baby

Question 54

Stimulus for Pain

Answer 54

Slightly pinch the nail of the baby

Question 55

Stimulus for Pressure

Answer 55

Putting light pressure on limbs

Question 56

Stimulus for Localization

Answer 56

Distance and direction

Question 57

Response for the light touch

Answer 57

Smiling, looking, at the source, etc…

Question 58

Response for the localization

Answer 58

Baby looks at where the sound is

Question 59

When documenting the perceptual skills, document it in what format?

Answer 59

table format

Question 60

Present at birth & become “integrated” or inhibited or not evident later in development

Answer 60

reflexes

Question 61

In CNS lesions, they may persist and interfere with motor milestones

Answer 61

reflexes

Question 62

What not to do during primitive reflexes

Answer 62

reflex hunting

Question 63

PTs do not treat reflexes unless ___

Answer 63

it hinders function

Question 64

– intentionally stimulating a reflex (e.g… To know they have ATNR, the baby will unintentionally present the reflex during any other activity/function (kapag pinatigilid or during visual tracking) = (+) ATNR)

Answer 64

reflex hunting

Question 65

When is the only time we document reflexes

Answer 65

When reflexes show during an activity

Question 66

example of reflexes showing up in an activity

Answer 66

PT is doing auditory localization with a squeaky toy, pt localized the sound and also grabbed the toy without letting go → persistent grasp reflex

Question 67

How to document reflexes

Answer 67

bulleted; ○ Reflexes > (+) ATNR > (+) Palmar Grasp

Question 68

Primitive reflexes

Answer 68

1. Bleck's reflexes 2. Physiologic Postural Reflex Response 3. Pathologic Reflexes 4. DTRs

Question 69

Bleck's reflexes

Answer 69

moro, ATNR, STNR, step placement, parachute, extensor thrust, neck righting

Question 70

Physiologic Postural Reflex Response

Answer 70

righting reactions, protective extension, equilibrium reactions

Question 71

Pathologic reflexes

Answer 71

○ Babinski’s, Chaddock’s, Oppenheim

Question 72

○ (+) Pathologic reflexes – indicative for __

Answer 72

UMNL

Question 73

T or F: we use reflex hammers for DTRs in infants

Answer 73

F, only for 3 y/o and up

Question 74

Primitive reflexes are __ at a certain age – integrated in the system

Answer 74

suppressed