Rules of the air

Question 1

Who does the rules of the air apply to?

Answer 1

The rules of the air shall apply to aircraft bearing the nationality and registration marks of a contracting state, whoever they may be, to the extent that they do not conflict with the rules published by the state having jurisdiction over the territory overflown.

Question 2

How shall the operation of an aircraft be?

Answer 2

The operation of aircraft either in flight or on the movement area area of an aerodrome shall be in compliance with the general rules and, in addition, when in flight, either with:
a) the visual flight rules; or
b) the instrument flight rules

Question 3

Explain authority of a pilot in command of an aircraft

Answer 3

The pilot in command of an aircraft shall have final authority as to the disposition of the aircraft while in command.

Question 3

Explain responsibility for compliance with the rules of the air

Answer 3

The pilot in command of an aircraft shall, whether manipulating the controls or not, be responsible for the operation of the aircraft in accordance with the rules of the air, except that the pilot in command may depart from these rules in circumstances that render such departures absolutely necessary in the interests of safety.

Question 4

What is rule pertaining to Problematic use of psychoactive substances

Answer 4

No person whose function is critical to the safety of aviation (safety sensitive personnel) shall undertake that function while under the influence of any psychoactive substance, by reason of which human performance is impaired. No such person shall engage in any kind of problematic use of substances.

Question 5

Explain pre flight action

Answer 5

Before beginning a flight, the pilot in command of an aircraft shall become familiar with all available information appropriate to the intended operation.

Question 6

When shall a flight plan be submitted?

Answer 6

A flight plan should be submitted prior to operating:
a) any flight or portion thereof to be provided with air traffic control service
b) any IFR flight within advisory airspace
c) any flight within or into designated areas, or alond designated routes, when so required by the appropriate ATS authority to facilitate the provision of flight information, alerting and search and rescue services;
d) any flight within or into designated areas, or along designated routes, when so required by the appropriate ATS authority to facilitate coordination with appropriate military units or with air traffic services units in adjacent states in order to avoid the possible need for interception for the purpose of identification
e) any flight across international borders

Question 7

Where shall a flight plan be submitted to?

Answer 7

A flight plan shall be submitted, before departure, to an air traffic services reporting office, or, during flight, transmitted to the appropriate air traffic services unit or air ground control radio station, unless arrangements have been made for submission of repetitive flight plans.

Question 8

What is a flight plan?

Answer 8

Information regarding a flight or portion of a flight submitted to an ATS unit by a pilot or representative.

Question 9

How soon before a flight should a flight plan be submitted?

Answer 9

Unless otherwise prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority at least 60 minutes before departure or if submitted during flight at a time which will ensure its receipt by the appropriate ats unit at least 10 minutes before the aircraft is estimated to reach:
1) the intended point of entry into a control area or advisory area,
2) the point of crossing an airway or advisory route

Question 10

What information shall be included in a flight plan?

Answer 10

1) Aircraft Identification
2) Flight rules and flight type
3) Number and types of aircraft and WTC category
4) Equipment
5) Departure aerodrome
6) Estimated off block time
7) cruising speeds
8) crusing levels
9) route to be followed
10) Destination aerodrome and total estimated elapsed time
11) Alternate Aerodromes
12) Fuel Endurance
13) Total number of persons on board
14) Emergency and survival equipment
15) Other information

Question 11

What are the rules regarding Minimum heights?

Answer 11

Except when necessary for takeoff or landing, or except by permission from the appropriate authority, aircraft shall not be flown over congested areas of cities, towns or settlements or over an open air assembly of persons, unless at such a height as will permit in the event of an emergency arising, a landing be made without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface.

Question 12

VFR between sunset and sunrise

Answer 12

VFR flights between sunset and sunrise, or such other period between sunset and sunrise as may be prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority, shall be operated in accordance with the conditions prescribed by such authority.

Question 13

What should arrival reports contain?

Answer 13

Arrival reports made by aircraft shall contain the following elements of information:
a) aircraft identification
b) departure aerodrome
c) destination aerodrome(only in the case of a diversionary landing)
d) arrivale aerodrome
e) time of arrival

Question 14

How should time be expressed?

Answer 14

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) shall be used and shall be expressed in hours, minutes and, when required, seconds of the 24-hour day beginning at midnight.

Such time check is normally obtained from an ats unit unless other arrangements have been made by the operator or by the appropriate ATS authority.

Question 15

When shall an air traffic control clearance be obtained and how shall such clearance be obtained?

Answer 15

An air traffic control clearance shall be obtained prior to operating a controlled flight, or portion of a flight as a controlled flight. Such clearance shall be requested through the submission of a flight plan to an air traffic control unit.

Question 16

Who shall be notified of deviation from the requirements of adherence to a flight plan?

Answer 16

Deviations from the requirements in 3.6.2.1.1 shall be notified to the appropriate air traffic services unit.

Question 17

Inadvertent changes

Answer 17

In the event that a controlled flight inadvertently deviates from its current flight plan, the following action shall be taken:
a) Deviation from track: if the aircraft is off track, action shall be taken forthwith to adjust the heading of the aircraft to regain track as soon as possible
b) Variation in true air speed: if the average true airspeed at cruising level between reporting points varies or is expected to vary by plus or minus 5 per cent of the true airspeed, from that given in the flight plan, the appropriate air traffic services unit shall be so informed.
c) Change in time estimate: if the time estimate for the next applicable reporting point, flight information region boundary or destination aerodrome, whichever comes first, is found to be in error in excess of 2 minutes from that notified to air traffic services, or such other period of time as is prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority or on the basis of air navigation regional agreements, a revised estimated time shall be notified as soon as possible to the appropriate air traffic services unit.

Question 18

Intended changes

Answer 18

Requests for flight plan changes shall include information as indicated hereunder:
a) Change of cruising level: aircraft identification; requested new crusing level and cruising speed at this level, revised time estimates (when applicable) at subsequent flight information region boundaries.
b) Change of route:
1) Destination unchanged: aircraft identification; flight rules; description of new route of flight including related flight plan data beginning with the position from which requested change of route is to commence;revise time estimates; any other pertinent information
2) 2) Destination changed: aircraft identification; flight rules; description of revised route of flight to revised destination aerodrome including related flight plan data, beginning with the position from which requested change of route is to commence; revised time estimates; alternate aerodrome(s); and any other pertinent information.

Question 19

What are some pre flight actions for flights away from the vicinity of n erorome?

Answer 19

Pre-Flight action for flights away from the vicinity of an aerodrome, and for all IFR flights, shall include a careful study of available current weather reports and forecasts, taking into consideration fuel requirements and an alternative course of action if the flight cannot be completed as planned.

Question 20

When shall a time check be obtained?

Answer 20

A time check shall be obtained prior to operating a controlled flight and at such other times during the flight as may be necessary.

Question 21

When and to whom should an arrival report be given?

Answer 21

Unless otherwise prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority, a report of arrival shall be made in person, by radiotelephony or via data link at the earliest possible moment after landing, to the appropriate air traffic services unit at the arrival aerodrome, by any flight for which a flight plan has been submitted covering the entire flight or the remaining portion of a flight to the destination aerodrome.

Question 22

Weather Deterioration below VMC

Answer 22

When it becomes evident that flight in VMC in accordance with its current flight plan will not be practicable, a VFR flight operated as a controlled flight shall:
a) request immediate clearance enabling the aircraft to continue in VMC to distination or to an alternative aerodrome, or to leave the airspace within which an ATC clearance is required; or
b) if no clearance in accordance with a) can be obtained, continue to operate in VMC and notify the appropriate ATC unit of the action being taken either to leave the airspace concerned or to land at the nearest suitable aerodrome; or
c) if operated within a control zone, request authorization to operate as a special VFR flight; or
d) request clearance to operate in accordance with the instrument flight rules

Question 23

What is the rule pertaining to unlawful interference?

Answer 23

An aircraft which is being subjected to unlawful interference shall endeavor to notify the appropriate ATS unit of this fact, any significant circumstances associated therewith and any deviation from the current flight plan necessitated by the circumstances, in order to enable the ATS unit to give priority to the aircraft and to minimize the conflict with other aircraft.

Question 24

When shall significant changes to a flight plan be submitted?

Answer 24

Subject to the provisions of inadvertent changes, all changes to a flight plan submitted for an IFR flight or VFR flight operated as a controlled flight shall be reported as soon as practicable to the appropriate air traffic services unit.
For other VFR flights, significant changes to a flight plan shall be submitted as soon as practicable to the appropriate air traffic services unit.

Question 25

What is the rule pertaining to adherence of a flight plan?

Answer 25

Except as provided for in inadvertent changes and weather deterioration, an aircraft shall adhere to the current flight plan or the applicable portion of a current flight plan submitted for a controlled flight unless a request has been made and clearance obtained from the appropriate ATC unit, or unless an emergency situation arises which necessitates immediate action by the aircraft, in which event, as soon as circumstances permit, after such emergency authority is exercised, the appropriate air traffic services unit shall be notified of the action taken and that this action has been taken under emergency authority.

Question 26

What is the VMC and visibility could minima for altitudes at or above 3050m (10 000ft) AMSL?

Answer 26

8km flight visibility and 1500m horizontally and 300m vertically.

Question 27

What is the VMC and visibility could minima for altitudes between 3050m (10 000ft) AMSL and 300m (1000ft), above terrain, whichever is the higher?

Answer 27

Flight visibility 5km and distance from cloud 1500 m horizontally 300 m (1000ft) vertically

Question 28

What is the VMC and visibility could minima for below 900m (3000ft) AMSL, or above 300 m (1000ft) above the terrain whichever is higher

Answer 28

5k flight visibility and distance from cloud 1500 m horizontally 300m vertically. Distance from cloud clear of cloud and with the surface in sight for class G and F airspaces

Question 29

How is the term flight plan used?

Answer 29

The term “flight plan” is used to mean variously, full information on all items comprised in the flight plan description, covering the whole route of flight, or limited information required when the purpose is to obtain a clearance for a minor portion of a flight such as to cross an airway, to take off from, or to land at a controlled aerodrome.

Question 30

What information constitutes a significant change to a flight plan and what action is due to be taken?

Answer 30

Information submitted prior to departure regarding fuel endurance or total number of persons carried on board, if incorrect at time of departure, constitutes a significant change to the flight plan and as such must be reported.

Question 31

What is rule pertaining to closing flight plan for portion of a flight?

Answer 31

When a flight plan is only submitted in respect of a portion of a flight, other than the remaining portion of a flight to a destination, it shall, when required, be closed by an appropriate report to the relevant ATS units.

Question 32

How make arrival report when communication facilities at arrival aerodrome no good?

Answer 32

When communication facilities at the arrival aerodrome are known to be inadequate and alternate arrangements for the handling of arrival reports on the ground are not available, the following action shall be taken.
Immediately prior to landing the aircraft shall, if practicable transmit to the appropriate air traffic services unit, a message comparable to an arrival report, where such a report is required.

Question 33

Who shall transmission of arrival report at inadequate aerodrome be to?

Answer 33

Normally, this transmission shall be made to the aeronautical station serving the air traffic services unit in charge of the flight information region in which the aircraft is operated.