Communications

Question 1

What is the general for the communications chapter?

Answer 1

When a controller or pilot communicates via voice, the response should be via voice. Except when a controller or pilot communicates via CPDLC, the response should be via CPDLC

Question 2

What language should be used for radiotelephony communication?

Answer 2

The air ground radiotelephony communications shall be conducted in the language normally used by the station on the ground or in the English language.

Question 3

What is the rule regarding availability of English language?

Answer 3

The English language shall be available, on request from any aircraft station, at all stations on the ground serving designated airports and routes used by international air services.

Question 4

Where can information on language availability at a given station be found?

Answer 4

The languages available at a given station on the ground shall form part of the aeronautical information publications and other published aeronautical information concerning such facilities.

Question 5

How should words be spelled in radiotelephony?

Answer 5

When proper names, service abbreviations and words of which the spelling is doubtful are spelled out in radiotelephony, the phonetic alphabet shall be used.

Question 6

How shall numbers be transmitted in radiotelephony?

Answer 6

All numbers, except numbers used in the transmission of altitude, cloud height, visibility and runway visible range information shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately.

The previously listed information shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of hundreds or thousands followed by hundred or thousand as appropriate.

Numbers containing a decimal point shall be transmitted with the decimal point in the appropriate sequence being indicated by the word decimal.

Question 7

How should time be transmitted in radiotelephony?

Answer 7

PANS - when transmitting time, only the minutes of the hour should normally be required. Each digit should be pronounced separately. However, the hour should be included when any possibility of confusion is likely to result.

Question 8

How should speech transmitting technique be?

Answer 8

Speech transmitting technique should be such that the highest possible intelligibility is incorporated in each transmission. Fulfillment of this technique requires that air crew and ground personnel should:
1) enunciate each word clearly and distinctly
2) maintain an even rate of speech not exceeding 100 words per minute
3) maintain the speaking volume at a constant level
4) be familiar with the microphone operating techniques
5) suspend speech temporarily if it becomes necessary to turn the head away from the microphone

Question 9

What are the rules regarding change in type of radiotelephony call sign by an aircraft?

Answer 9

An aircraft shall not change the type of its radiotelephony call sign during flight, except temporarily on the instruction of the ATC unit in the interests of safety

Question 10

At what points shall transmissions not be directed at aircraft?

Answer 10

Except for reasons of safety no transmission shall be directed to an aircraft during take off, during the last part of the final approach or during the landing roll.

Question 11

What is distress and urgency traffic?

Answer 11

Distress and urgency traffic shall comprise all radiotelephony messages relative to the distress and urgency conditions respectively. Distress and urgency conditions are defines as:

Distress: a condition of being threatened by serious and or imminent danger and of requiring immediate assistance.
Urgency: a condition concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of some person on board or within sight, but which does not require immediate assistance.

Question 12

What radio signals shall be used for distress and urgency communication?

Answer 12

The radiotelephony distress signal MAYDAY and the radiotelephony urgency signal PAN PAN shall be used at the commencement of the first distress and urgency communication respectively.

Question 13

When can radiotelephony urgency and distress signals be used?

Answer 13

At the commencement of any subsequent communication in distress and urgency traffic, it shall be permissible to use the radiotelephony distress and urgency signals

Question 14

What are the restrictions on radiotelephony distress and urgency messages by the originator?

Answer 14

The originator of messages addressed to an aircraft in distress or urgency condition shall restrict to the minimum the number and volume and content of such messages as required by the condition.

Question 15

What shall the aeronautical radio navigation comprise of?

Answer 15

The aeronautical radio navigation service shall comprise all types and systems of radio navigation aids in the international aeronautical service.

Question 16

How shall aeronautical radio navigation aids not in continuous operation be used?

Answer 16

An aeronautical radio navigation aid which is not in continuous operation shall, if practicable, be put into operation on receipt of a request from an aircraft, any controlling authority on the ground, or an authorized representative of an aircraft operating agency.

Question 17

Who prepares broadcast material for aeronautical broadcasting?

Answer 17

The text of broadcast material shall be prepared by the originator in the form desired for transmission

Question 18

Where and when shall broadcasts be made?

Answer 18

Broadcasts shall be made on specified frequencies and at specified times.

Question 19

Where should a change to a broadcast frequency or time be found?

Answer 19

Any change in frequencies or times shall be publicized by NOTAM at least two weeks in advance of the change.

Question 20

How shall data link messages be composed?

Answer 20

The text of messages shall be composed in standard messaeg format, in plain language or in abbreviations and codes.

Question 21

When shall plain language be avoided in composing data link messages?

Answer 21

Plain language shall be avoided when the length of text can be reduces using appropriate abbreviations and codes.

Question 22

What should an aircraft use when establishing communications?

Answer 22

When establishing communications, an aircraft should use the full call sign of both the aircraft and the aeronautical station.

Question 23

What should a message from a ground station that wishes to broadcast information start with?

Answer 23

When a ground station wishes to broadcast information, the message should be prefaceed by the call “ALL STATIONS”

Question 24

What is the rule pertaining to superfluous transmissions?

Answer 24

Each state shall ensure that there is no willful transmission of unnecessary or
anonymous signals, messages or data by a station with the state.

Question 25

What is the rule pertaining to the establishment of radio
telecommunications?

Answer 25

a. All stations shall answer calls directed to them by other stations in the
aeronautical telecommunication service and shall exchange communications on
request.
b. All stations shall radiate the minimum power necessary to ensure satisfactory
services.

Question 26

What form should a test transmission follow?

Answer 26

The identification of the aeronautical station being called.
b. The aircraft identification
c. The words “radio check”
d. The frequency being used.

Question 27

List five categories of messages handled by the aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN).

Answer 27

1) Distress Messages
2) Urgency Messages
3) Flight Safety Messages
4) Meteorological Messages
5) Flight regularity Messages
6) Aeronautical Information Services Messages
7) Aeronautical administrative messages
8) Service messages