Root of neck Flashcards
what are the signs of pancoast tumour
tumour eats away at structures in the root of the neck:
horner’s syndrom
claudication of arm
lower motor neurone signs in the arm
breathlessness
where is the root of the neck
superior to the superior thoracic aperture and axillary inlet
what are the boundaries of the root of the neck
superior margin of manubrium and clavicle anteriorly
top of T1 and scapula to coracoid process posteriorly
what is the cupula
cervical pleura forms a cup like dome in the root of the neck
what is sibsons fascia
an extension of the endothoracic fascia in the root of the neck/ subpleural membrane
attached to TP of T1 and first rib
what structure encases the brachial plexus and axillary vessels
axillary sheath which is a lateral extension of the prevertebral layer
what is the function of Sibson’s fascia
prevents changes in pressure within the neck at inspiration and expiration
what is endothoracic fascia
lines the entire parietal pleura deep to the ribcage and intercostal muscles, separating the pleura and mediastinal structures
describe the course of the subclavian artery through the root of the neck
ascends into the root via the superior thoracic aperture
lies posterior to subc. vein and anterior scalene muscle
dives under clavicle and over first rib where it becomes the axillary artery
what muscle is the subclavian artery posterior to
anterior scalene
where is the first part of the subclavian artery
medial to the anterior scalene
where is the second part of the subclavian artery
posterior to anterior scalene
where is the third part of the subclavian artery
lateral to anterior scalene
what do the branches of subclavian artery supply
intracranial strucutres
thoracic structures
muscles in the back
structures in the neck
what are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery
vertebral
internal thoracic
thyrocervical trunk
what is the branch of the second part of the subclavian artery
costocervical trunk
what is the branch of the third part of subclavian
dorsal scapula
where does the vertebral artery go after arising from the first part of subclavian
ascends in the neck as the cervical part
enters the foramen transversarium of c6 vertebrae
ascends through c1-6
then travels to foramen magnum and becoms the basilar artery
what are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk (branch of first part of subclavian)
inferior thryoid artery
transverse cervical
suprascapular
ascending cervical
what is the function of the inferior thyroid artery
primary visceral artery of the neck
larynx, trachea, oesophagus, thyroid and parathyroid, adjacent muscles
describe the course of the internal thoracic artery
descends inferomedially posterior to the clavicle into the thoracic cavity to the 6th intercostal space
anterior intercostals supply the intercostal spaces
what are the branches of the costocervical trunk (branch of 2nd part of subclavian)
supreme intercostal artery to rib 1
deep cervical artery
what is the subclavian vein a continuation of
the axillary vein, at lateral border of 1st rib
external jugular is a tributary
what is the stellate ganglion
fusion of inferior cervical ganglion and first thoracic ganglion
where is the superior cervical ganglion
c1/2
where is the middle cervical ganglion
c6
where is the inferior cervical ganglion
c7
what does the superior cervical ganglion supply
internal and external carotids
cervical spine nerves
pharynx
superior cardiac nerves
what does the middle cervical ganglion supply
middle cardiac nerves and cervical spinal nerves
what does the inferior cervical ganglion supply
vertebral artery
cervical spinal nerves
inferior cardiac nerves
what do the cervical ganglia regulate
eyes, eyelids, lacrimals, carotid body, salivary glands, sweat glands
