Brainstem tutorial Flashcards
Which cranial nerves are found in the midbrain
3 and 4
which cranial nerves are found in the pons
5,6,7,8
which cranial nerves are found in the medulla
9,10,11,12
what is the function of the Edinger Westphal nucleus (3, occulomotor)
controls pupillary constriction and lens accomodation
parasympathetic
general visceral motor
what is the function of the occulomotor nucleus (3, occulomotor)
controls all extraocular eye muscles
motor
what is the function of the trochlear nucleus (4)
controls superior oblique muscles of the eye
motor
what is the function of the abducens nucleus (6)
lateral rectus muscles of the eye
motor
what is the function of the vestibulocochlear nucleus (8)
special sensory
balance and hearing, postural reflexes via the vestibulospinal tracts
located on the lateral side due to it being special sensory, in the pons/ medulla
in what disease can patients develop vestibulospinal tract disfunction (postural reflexes)
Parkinsons
what is the function of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (sensory)
proprioception from the mouth
what is the function of the trigeminal motor nucleus
muscles of mastication
what is the function of the trigeminal pontine sensory nucleus
facial discriminating touch
what is the function of the trigeminal spinal nucleus
pain and temperature sensation from the face, back of tongue, pharynx, larynx and ear
what is the function of the facial nucleus
controls muscles of facial expression (motor)
located under the vestibulocochlear nucleus
what is the function of the hypoglossal nucleus
controls tongue muscles
what is the function of the nucleus ambiguus (motor, cn 9 and 10)
motor to pharynx and larynx
also contributes to cn9
what is the function of the salivatory (and lacrimal) nucleus (cn 7 and 9) (psymp)
controls lacrimal and nasal glands (7) and salivary glands (7 and 9)
what is the function of solitary nucleus (7, 9, 10, sensory)
taste (7, 9, 10)
carotid baroreceptors (9)
visceral afferent from pharynx, larynx, lungs, gut (10)
what is the function of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (psymp)
secretory motor to lungs and gut, heart rate
what is special visceral motor/efferent
motor supply to muscles from pharyngeal arches
where is the Edinger westphal nucleus located (3, pupillary constriction)
midbrain, close to the midline due to motor
general visceral motor (psymp)
where is the trochlea nucleus located (superior oblique muscles of the eye)
near the midline, midbrain
somatic motor
where is abducent nucleus located (lateral rectus muscle of the eye)
pons, right next to the midline
somatic motor
where is the spinal accesory nucleus located
close to the midline, medulla
special visceral motor
where is the hypoglossal nucleus located (controls tongue muscles)
next to the midline, medulla
somatic motor
describe the layout of nuclei in the brainstem from medial to lateral
somatic motor special visceral motor general visceral psymp motor general visceral psymp sensory special visceral psymp sensory somatic sensory special sensory
where is the trigeminal motor nucleus located
pons, close to the midline
special visceral motor
where is the trigeminal motor nucleus located (muscles of mastication)
close to midline, pons
where is the trigeminal sensory nucleus located (faciali discriminating touch)
pons
close to the lateral side
where is the facial motor nucleus (muscles of facial expression), special visceral motor
close to the midline, in the pons
what nuclei are part of the facial nerve
motor nucleus, sup salivary, nucleus solitarus, sensory nuclues
what modality is the nucleus solitarius
general and special visceral sensory
where are the vagal nuclei
in the medulla
what non cranial nerve nuclei are found in the midbrain
medial geniculate, red nucleus, substantia nigra, sup colliculus, inf colliculus, reticular formation
what is the function of the medial geniculate nucleus (midbrain)
relay auditory stimuli to the cerebral cortex
what si the function of the red nucleus (midbrain)
motor coordination (extra pyramidal system)
what is the funciton of the substantia nigra (midbrain)
motor coordination (extra pyramidal system)
what is the function of the superior colliculus (midbrain)
eye movements in response to stimuli
what is the function of the inferior colliculus (midbrain)
head and upper body movements in response to stimuli
what is the function of the reticular formation (midbrain)
consciousness and cortical arousal
which non cranial nerve nuclei is found in the pons
reticulat formation
what is the function of the reticular formation (midbrain, medulla and pons)
link between cerebral cortex and cerebellum
consciousness and cortical arousal
what non cranial nerve nuclei are found in the medulla
olive
vital center
non vital center
reticular formation
what is the function of the oilve (medulla)
auditory control (sup) movement control (inferior)
