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MD4001 Anatomy > Brainstem tutorial > Flashcards

Brainstem tutorial Flashcards

1
Q

Which cranial nerves are found in the midbrain

A

3 and 4

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2
Q

which cranial nerves are found in the pons

A

5,6,7,8

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3
Q

which cranial nerves are found in the medulla

A

9,10,11,12

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4
Q

what is the function of the Edinger Westphal nucleus (3, occulomotor)

A

controls pupillary constriction and lens accomodation
parasympathetic

general visceral motor

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5
Q

what is the function of the occulomotor nucleus (3, occulomotor)

A

controls all extraocular eye muscles

motor

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6
Q

what is the function of the trochlear nucleus (4)

A

controls superior oblique muscles of the eye

motor

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7
Q

what is the function of the abducens nucleus (6)

A

lateral rectus muscles of the eye

motor

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8
Q

what is the function of the vestibulocochlear nucleus (8)

special sensory

A

balance and hearing, postural reflexes via the vestibulospinal tracts

located on the lateral side due to it being special sensory, in the pons/ medulla

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9
Q

in what disease can patients develop vestibulospinal tract disfunction (postural reflexes)

A

Parkinsons

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10
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (sensory)

A

proprioception from the mouth

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11
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal motor nucleus

A

muscles of mastication

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12
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal pontine sensory nucleus

A

facial discriminating touch

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13
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal spinal nucleus

A

pain and temperature sensation from the face, back of tongue, pharynx, larynx and ear

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14
Q

what is the function of the facial nucleus

A

controls muscles of facial expression (motor)

located under the vestibulocochlear nucleus

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15
Q

what is the function of the hypoglossal nucleus

A

controls tongue muscles

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16
Q

what is the function of the nucleus ambiguus (motor, cn 9 and 10)

A

motor to pharynx and larynx

also contributes to cn9

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17
Q

what is the function of the salivatory (and lacrimal) nucleus (cn 7 and 9) (psymp)

A

controls lacrimal and nasal glands (7) and salivary glands (7 and 9)

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18
Q

what is the function of solitary nucleus (7, 9, 10, sensory)

A

taste (7, 9, 10)

carotid baroreceptors (9)

visceral afferent from pharynx, larynx, lungs, gut (10)

19
Q

what is the function of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (psymp)

A

secretory motor to lungs and gut, heart rate

20
Q

what is special visceral motor/efferent

A

motor supply to muscles from pharyngeal arches

21
Q

where is the Edinger westphal nucleus located (3, pupillary constriction)

A

midbrain, close to the midline due to motor

general visceral motor (psymp)

22
Q

where is the trochlea nucleus located (superior oblique muscles of the eye)

A

near the midline, midbrain

somatic motor

23
Q

where is abducent nucleus located (lateral rectus muscle of the eye)

A

pons, right next to the midline

somatic motor

24
Q

where is the spinal accesory nucleus located

A

close to the midline, medulla

special visceral motor

25
Q

where is the hypoglossal nucleus located (controls tongue muscles)

A

next to the midline, medulla

somatic motor

26
Q

describe the layout of nuclei in the brainstem from medial to lateral

A 
somatic motor
special visceral motor
general visceral psymp motor 
general visceral psymp sensory
special visceral psymp sensory 
somatic sensory 
special sensory
27
Q

where is the trigeminal motor nucleus located

A

pons, close to the midline

special visceral motor

28
Q

where is the trigeminal motor nucleus located (muscles of mastication)

A

close to midline, pons

29
Q

where is the trigeminal sensory nucleus located (faciali discriminating touch)

A

pons

close to the lateral side

30
Q

where is the facial motor nucleus (muscles of facial expression), special visceral motor

A

close to the midline, in the pons

31
Q

what nuclei are part of the facial nerve

A

motor nucleus, sup salivary, nucleus solitarus, sensory nuclues

32
Q

what modality is the nucleus solitarius

A

general and special visceral sensory

33
Q

where are the vagal nuclei

A

in the medulla

34
Q

what non cranial nerve nuclei are found in the midbrain

A

medial geniculate, red nucleus, substantia nigra, sup colliculus, inf colliculus, reticular formation

35
Q

what is the function of the medial geniculate nucleus (midbrain)

A

relay auditory stimuli to the cerebral cortex

36
Q

what si the function of the red nucleus (midbrain)

A

motor coordination (extra pyramidal system)

37
Q

what is the funciton of the substantia nigra (midbrain)

A

motor coordination (extra pyramidal system)

38
Q

what is the function of the superior colliculus (midbrain)

A

eye movements in response to stimuli

39
Q

what is the function of the inferior colliculus (midbrain)

A

head and upper body movements in response to stimuli

40
Q

what is the function of the reticular formation (midbrain)

A

consciousness and cortical arousal

41
Q

which non cranial nerve nuclei is found in the pons

A

reticulat formation

42
Q

what is the function of the reticular formation (midbrain, medulla and pons)

A

link between cerebral cortex and cerebellum

consciousness and cortical arousal

43
Q

what non cranial nerve nuclei are found in the medulla

A

olive
vital center
non vital center
reticular formation

44
Q

what is the function of the oilve (medulla)

A 
auditory control (sup)
movement control (inferior)

MD4001 Anatomy (45 decks)

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