Cranial nerves 3 Flashcards
what is nervus intermedius
part of the facial nerve that contains sensory and parasympathetic fibres
what nerve supplies sensation to the cavities of the head
trigeminal (somatic afferent)
what are the muscles of mastication derived from
1st pharyngeal arch (so special visceral efferent)
what is the function of the trigeminal motor nucleus
muscles of mastication
function of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
proprioception
trigeminal principle sensory nucleus
discriminative touch
trigeminal spinal nucleus
pain and temp for structures supplied by cn5 plus general sensation for viscera supplied by 9 and 10
where do the nerve roots of cn5 emerge
from the mid pons
pass forward onto the apex of the petrous temporal bone where the trigeminal ganglion lies in a cave of dura mater (meckel’s cave)
what is the other name for the trigeminal cave
Meckel’s cave
describe the pathway of the opthalmic and maxillary divisions
divisions pass anteriorly in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus to reach the superior orbital fissure then the orbit, and foramen rotundum then the pterygo-palatine fossa respectively
where does the opthalmic division exit the skull
superior orbital fissure
where does the maxillary division exit the skull
foramen rotundum and pterygo palatine fossa
where does the mandibular division exit the skull
foramen ovale and into the infratemporal fossa
what muscles does the facial nerve supply (special visceral efferent)
facial expression
stapedius
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric (from second pharyngeal arch)
what is the general visceral efferent supply of the facial nerve (psymp)
superior salivatory nucleus in the pons
lacrimal gland nasal cavity sinuses palate submandibular and sublingual glands
what is the special visceral afferent function of the facial nerve
taste from anterior 2/3rds of tongue (nucleus solitarius)
superior salivatory nucleus (cn7)
psymp secretomotor to lacrimal gland, nasal and oral cavities, submand and subling glands
where does the motor root of 7 and nervus intermedius emerge
cerebellopontine angle
where does the motor root of 7 go after emerging at the cerebellopontine angle
enters the petrous temporal bone at the internal acoustic meatus with cn 8 and the labyrinthine artery
where is the facial nerve at risk of compression
at the internal acoustic meatus- compression will affect muscles of facial expression and stapedius
where does the chorda tympani arise from cn 7
just before the stylomastoid foramen
what is the chorda tympani
a branch of the facial nerve that originates from the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste to the brain
it joins the facial nerve inside the facial canal at the level where the facial nerve exits the skull
what 3 nerves are involved in taste
glossopharyngeal
facial (chorda tympani)
vagus
what is the geniculate ganglion
neurons of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head
motor, sensory and psymp
innervates lacrimal gland, submandibular, sublingual, tongue, palate, pharynx, external auditory meatus, stapedius, stylohyoid, digastric, muscles of facial expression
where are the cell bodies for taste
geniculate ganglion
where is the greater petrosal nerve
escapes from the middle ear and lies of the surface of the petrous bone in the middle cranial fossa
passes through the foramen lacerum and heads towards the pterygoid canal
foramen rotundum
maxillary nerve
what does the greater petrosal nerve carry
visceral efferent (psymp) and taste (special visceral afferent) from the nervus intermedius 7
what is the deep petrosal nerve derived from
the sympathetic plexus on the internal carotid (in the carotid canal)
what do the greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerve combine to form
nerve of the pterygoid canal
what does the nerve of the pterygoid canal pass through
the pterygoid canal to end up in the pterygopalatine fossa
where are the pterygopalatine fossae
between the pterygoid process and the maxillary tuberosity, close to the apex of the orbit
what is the nerve supply of mylohyoid and ant belly of digastric
inferior alveolar (dental nerve) from V3
then enters the mandibular foramen to supply the teeth
then emerges as the mental nerve to chin and lower lip
describe the course of the chorda tympani
passes through the middle ear medial to the typanic membrane (between incus and malleus)
leaves the skull to join the lingual branch of the mandibular nerve
taste and psymp supply to glands
where does the lingual nerve enter the oral cavity
between mylohyoid and hyoglossus
what does the lingual nerve carry
is combined with the chorda tympani so carries taste and sensation from ant tongue and also psymp to the submandibular glands and sublingual
what structure does v3 pass through
foramen ovale
where does the chorda tympani emerge
petrotympanic fissure to join the lingual nerve in the infra temporal fossa
where does the chorda tympani arise from cn7
just before the stylomastoid foramen
what is the nerve supply of the maxillary sinus
infra orbital nerve with superior alveolar nerves
what is the nerve supply of the spenoidal sinuses
V1 and V2
what is the nerve supply of the frontal sinus
supraorbital nerve
what is the nerve supply of the ethmoidal sinus
ant and post ethmoidal nerves
what is the supply to the hard palate
greater palatine branch of V2 and artery
plus nasopalatine
what is the supply to the soft palate
lesser palatine branch of V2 and artery
plus nasopalatine
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve refer pain to (supplies tonsils)
middle ear
what is the nerve supply to the septum of the nose
V1 and 2
what structure does the nasopalatine nerve pass through to supply the anterior palate
incisive canal
what does the anterior ethmoidal nerve continue as
external nasal nerve that supplies the tip of the nose
what is the anterior ethmoidal nerve
branch of nasocilliary, V1, that supplies the cornea
what is the nerve supply of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity
V1 and V2
plus psymp from cn 7 nervus intermedius
what structure does the olfactory nerve and anterior ethmoidal nerve pass through
cribriform plate
what is the function of the sphenopalatine foramen
passage of branches of the maxillary nerve
what does the supra orbital nerve supply
the frontal sinus
what does the ethmoidal nerve supply
lateral wall of nasal cavity and the nasal septum
what is the function of the lacrimal nerve (v1)
carries psymps fibres from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal gland
what is the supply to the lacrimal gland
V2 and V1
zygomatic branches via inf fissure
what nerves synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa
preganglionic fibres from nervus intermedius
what bone is the pterygoid plates a part of
spenoid
what passes through the foramen rotundum
maxillary nerve
what does the greater petrosal nerve carry
taste and psymp from nervus intermedius
