Anterior triangle neurovascular bundle Flashcards
what are the contents of the carotid triangle
thyroid gland, larynx, pharynx, carotid sheath, branches of cervical plexus, superior rooot of ansa cervicalis, deep cervical lymph nodes and parts of cn 11 and 12
what are the boundaries of the carotid triangle (a subdivision of the anterior triangle)
omohyoid, SCM, digastric
what structure is most medial in the carotid sheath
common carotid
what structure is most lateral in the carotid sheath
internal jugular vein
what structure is most posterior in the carotid sheath
vagus nerve
where does the carotid sheath run to
from the foramen of the carotid canal to the aortic arch
what is the carotid canal
the passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery enters the middle cranial fossa
lateral to the sella turcica
at what level does the common carotid bifurcate
c3/4
does the internal carotid branch in the neck
no- it ascends and enters the carotid canal to supply the brain
what is the carotid sinus
an enlargement of the internal carotid artery just above the bifurcation of common carotid
contains baroreceptors in the wall of ICA
monitors blood pressure
what is the innervation of the carotid sinus and carotid body
cn 9 via the carotid sinus nerve and vagus via the tractus solitarius
what modality is the tractus solitarius
sensory only
what cranial nerves are found in the tractus solitarius
7, 9 and 10
what information does the nucleus solitarius receive
taste from 7 and 9
sensory from the ear via 10
carotid body chemoreceptors via 9
general visceral afferent pathway via 9 and 10
where does information from the baroreceptors in the carotid sinus travel to
cardioregulatory and vasomotor centres in the medulla
what is the carotid body
small organ which houses chemoreceptors located at the bifurcation of common carotid
what is the function of the carotid body
monitors blood O2, CO2, pH and temp
can increase resp, blood pressure and heart rate
at what level is the carotid body and sinus
superior border of thyroid cartilage and c3/4
what are the branches of external carotid artery
superior thyroid ascending pharyngeal lingual facial occipital posterior auricular superficial temporal maxillary
what are the two terminal branches of external carotid
superficial temporal
maxillary
what are the branches of the maxillary artery
deep auricular tympanic middle meningeal buccal deep temporal pharyngeal artery
and more
what passes through the foramen spinosum
middle meningeal artery and vein
meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve
what does the internal jugular vein continue from
sigmoid sinus
what foramina does the internal jugular vein exit through
jugular foramen and then enters carotid sheath
lateral to common carotid
what veins drain into the internal jugular vein
SIGMOID SINUS
inferior petrosal sinus pharyngeal occipital facial lingual superior thyroid middle thyroid
what vein does the internal jugular vein join to become the brachiocephalic vein
subclavian
what muscle runs across the internal jugular vein
omohyoid
where does the external jugular vein begin
angle of the mandible, joins retromandibular and post auricular veins
what does the posterior auricular vein drain
scalp behind ear
what veins drain into the external jugular
posterior external jugular
transverse cervical
suprascapular
what muscle does external jugular cross over
sternocleidomastoid
what vein does external jugular drain into
subclavian after piercing investing fascia
where do the anterior jugular veins arise
near the hyoid bone and run either side of the midline through subcutaneous tissue
how do the anterior jugular veins communicate across the midline
via the jugular venous arch
what does the anterior jugular vein drain into
subclavian
what is the innervation of platysma
cervical branches of facial nerve
what is the innervation of digastric muscle and stylohyoid
branches of facial nerve
what foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit via
jugular foramen
what vessels does glossopharyngeal travel between
internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein
describe the pathway of glossopharyngeal nerve
travels forward to the oral cavity
some branches travel down to the carotid sinus and body, to pharynx (sensory)
and to stylopharyngeus (motor)
what foramen does the vagus nerve exit the skull via
jugular foramen
what are the branches of the vagus nerve
branch to the pharynx,
carotid body branch
superior laryngeal nerve
cardiac branch
what vessels is the reccurent laryngeal near
subclavian artery (r) arch of aorta (L)
what is aphonia
inability to speak due to damage to the pharynx or mouth
what foramen does the spinal accessory nerve exit via
jugular foramen
what structures pass through the jugular foramen
cn 9, 10 and 11 and the internal jugular vein
what does the spinal accessory nerve innervate
sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
what does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull via
hypoglossal canal
what is the function of the transverse cervical nerve (ant rami of c2 and 3)
cutaneous innervation over scm and anterior triangle
what is the function of ansa cervicalis (ant rami of c1-3)
innervates infrahyoid muscles
what are strap muscles (4)
infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
what does the cervical plexus supply
strap muscles
diaphragm via the phrenic
skin of ant/lat neck
inf head
