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MD4001 Anatomy > Anterior triangle neurovascular bundle > Flashcards

Anterior triangle neurovascular bundle Flashcards

1
Q

what are the contents of the carotid triangle

A

thyroid gland, larynx, pharynx, carotid sheath, branches of cervical plexus, superior rooot of ansa cervicalis, deep cervical lymph nodes and parts of cn 11 and 12

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2
Q

what are the boundaries of the carotid triangle (a subdivision of the anterior triangle)

A

omohyoid, SCM, digastric

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3
Q

what structure is most medial in the carotid sheath

A

common carotid

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4
Q

what structure is most lateral in the carotid sheath

A

internal jugular vein

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5
Q

what structure is most posterior in the carotid sheath

A

vagus nerve

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6
Q

where does the carotid sheath run to

A

from the foramen of the carotid canal to the aortic arch

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7
Q

what is the carotid canal

A

the passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery enters the middle cranial fossa

lateral to the sella turcica

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8
Q

at what level does the common carotid bifurcate

A

c3/4

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9
Q

does the internal carotid branch in the neck

A

no- it ascends and enters the carotid canal to supply the brain

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10
Q

what is the carotid sinus

A

an enlargement of the internal carotid artery just above the bifurcation of common carotid
contains baroreceptors in the wall of ICA

monitors blood pressure

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11
Q

what is the innervation of the carotid sinus and carotid body

A

cn 9 via the carotid sinus nerve and vagus via the tractus solitarius

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12
Q

what modality is the tractus solitarius

A

sensory only

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13
Q

what cranial nerves are found in the tractus solitarius

A

7, 9 and 10

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14
Q

what information does the nucleus solitarius receive

A

taste from 7 and 9

sensory from the ear via 10

carotid body chemoreceptors via 9

general visceral afferent pathway via 9 and 10

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15
Q

where does information from the baroreceptors in the carotid sinus travel to

A

cardioregulatory and vasomotor centres in the medulla

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16
Q

what is the carotid body

A

small organ which houses chemoreceptors located at the bifurcation of common carotid

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17
Q

what is the function of the carotid body

A

monitors blood O2, CO2, pH and temp

can increase resp, blood pressure and heart rate

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18
Q

at what level is the carotid body and sinus

A

superior border of thyroid cartilage and c3/4

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19
Q

what are the branches of external carotid artery

A 
superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal 
lingual 
facial 
occipital 
posterior auricular
superficial temporal 
maxillary
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20
Q

what are the two terminal branches of external carotid

A

superficial temporal

maxillary

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21
Q

what are the branches of the maxillary artery

A 
deep auricular
tympanic
middle meningeal 
buccal 
deep temporal 
pharyngeal artery

and more

22
Q

what passes through the foramen spinosum

A

middle meningeal artery and vein

meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve

23
Q

what does the internal jugular vein continue from

A

sigmoid sinus

24
Q

what foramina does the internal jugular vein exit through

A

jugular foramen and then enters carotid sheath

lateral to common carotid

25
Q

what veins drain into the internal jugular vein

A

SIGMOID SINUS

inferior petrosal sinus 
pharyngeal
occipital 
facial 
lingual 
superior thyroid 
middle thyroid
26
Q

what vein does the internal jugular vein join to become the brachiocephalic vein

A

subclavian

27
Q

what muscle runs across the internal jugular vein

A

omohyoid

28
Q

where does the external jugular vein begin

A

angle of the mandible, joins retromandibular and post auricular veins

29
Q

what does the posterior auricular vein drain

A

scalp behind ear

30
Q

what veins drain into the external jugular

A

posterior external jugular
transverse cervical
suprascapular

31
Q

what muscle does external jugular cross over

A

sternocleidomastoid

32
Q

what vein does external jugular drain into

A

subclavian after piercing investing fascia

33
Q

where do the anterior jugular veins arise

A

near the hyoid bone and run either side of the midline through subcutaneous tissue

34
Q

how do the anterior jugular veins communicate across the midline

A

via the jugular venous arch

35
Q

what does the anterior jugular vein drain into

A

subclavian

36
Q

what is the innervation of platysma

A

cervical branches of facial nerve

37
Q

what is the innervation of digastric muscle and stylohyoid

A

branches of facial nerve

38
Q

what foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit via

A

jugular foramen

39
Q

what vessels does glossopharyngeal travel between

A

internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein

40
Q

describe the pathway of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

travels forward to the oral cavity

some branches travel down to the carotid sinus and body, to pharynx (sensory)
and to stylopharyngeus (motor)

41
Q

what foramen does the vagus nerve exit the skull via

A

jugular foramen

42
Q

what are the branches of the vagus nerve

A

branch to the pharynx,
carotid body branch

superior laryngeal nerve

cardiac branch

43
Q

what vessels is the reccurent laryngeal near

A 
subclavian artery (r)
arch of aorta (L)
44
Q

what is aphonia

A

inability to speak due to damage to the pharynx or mouth

45
Q

what foramen does the spinal accessory nerve exit via

A

jugular foramen

46
Q

what structures pass through the jugular foramen

A

cn 9, 10 and 11 and the internal jugular vein

47
Q

what does the spinal accessory nerve innervate

A

sternocleidomastoid, trapezius

48
Q

what does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull via

A

hypoglossal canal

49
Q

what is the function of the transverse cervical nerve (ant rami of c2 and 3)

A

cutaneous innervation over scm and anterior triangle

50
Q

what is the function of ansa cervicalis (ant rami of c1-3)

A

innervates infrahyoid muscles

51
Q

what are strap muscles (4)

A

infrahyoid muscles

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid

52
Q

what does the cervical plexus supply

A

strap muscles
diaphragm via the phrenic
skin of ant/lat neck
inf head

MD4001 Anatomy (45 decks)

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