DR- oral and nasal cavities Flashcards
what fascia encloses the bony and muscular columns of the neck
prevertebral fascia
where is the retropharyngeal space
between the pretracheal and prevertebral fascia, extends through to the superior and posterior mediastina and extends to the diaphragm
what structures emerge from the jugular foramen
9, 10 and 11 nerves
internal jugular vein
what muscles attach to the midline raphe
superior, middle and inferior constrictors
what is the function of the pharyngobasilar fascia
attaches the superior constrictor to the skull and holds the pharynx open
where is the oropharyngeal isthmus
between the palatoglossal arches
where is the laryngeal inlet
between the epiglottis and the aryepiglottic folds
where is the laryngeal inlet
between the epiglottis and the aryepiglottic folds
where is the palatine tonsil
between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
how can you identify the palatine tonsil
cobbled appearance of the surface of the tongue
what recesses can be found in the throat
epiglottic valleculae and the piriform recess
what recess is above the superior concha
sphenoethmoidal recess
what arteries anastomose in the nasal cavity
internal and external carotids
which muscles open the auditory tube during swallowing
palatine
where is the adenoid (nasopharyngeal) tonsil
roof of the nasopharynx
what air sinuses open into the nasal cavity in the sphenoethmoidal recess
sphenoidal air sinuses
where is the bulla ethmoidalis and hiatus semilunaris found
middle meatus
what is the function of hiatus semilunaris
openings for the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and anterior ethmoidal sinus.
what is the bulla ethmoidalis
middle ethmoidal air cells are found within it
where does the nasolacrimal duct drain to
inferior meatus
what is the soft palate and aponeurosis of
tensor palate, with levator palate inserting from above
what structure separates the oral cavity from the pharynx
anterior pillar of fauces (ridge raised by palatoglossus)
what structure marks the inferior border of the laryngopharynx
lower border of cricoid cartilage
what membrane attaches the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone
thyrohyoid membrane
this means that the hyoid bone, larynx and pharynx are all suspended together from the skull
what is the function of thyroarytenoid
rocks the thyroid backwards to shorten the vocal cords
what muscles alter the vocal folds in order to change the pitch of the voice
cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid and vocalis
what muscle opens the rima glottis i.e. abducts the vocal folds
posterior cricoarytenoid
which muscle close rima glottis
lateral crico arytenoid and transverse arytenoid
what muscle closes the laryngeal inlet
oblique arytenoid
what throat muscles are used in heavy lifting to counteract the rise in intra abdominal pressure
lateral crico arytenoid and transverse arytenoid
closes the rima glottides which means the diaphragm cannot be pushed upwards by the rise in intra abdominal pressure
what structure attaches to the medial pterygoid plates
pharyngobasilar fascia and superior constrictor
what is the function of the pharyngeal tubercle on the occipital bone
provides attachment for the midline pharyngeal raphe that runs posteriorly between the constrictor muscles
what muscle attaches to the apex of the petrous temporal bone
levator palati
where is the scaphoid fossa
superior end of the medial pterygoid plate
what is the function of the scaphoid fossa
gives attachment to tensor palati
what structure is found in the groove between the scaphoid fossa and the petrous temporal bone
cartilaginous part of the auditory tube lies
what is the function of cricopharyngeus (part of the inferior constrictor)
forms a sphincter which prevents air entering the oesophagus and stomach
name the pharyngeal elevators
stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus
