Cranial nerves 4 Flashcards
what are the functions of glossopharyngeal (9)
stylopharyngeus muscle (special visceral efferent)
parotid gland parasympathetic supply (general visceral efferent)
carotid sinus and carotid body (general visceral afferent)
1o….general sensory from pharynx and posterior tongue (general somatic afferent)
taste from posterior third of the tongue (special visceral afferent)
What is the function of the vagus nerve
parasympathetic heart lungs Gi tract
taste
carotid body and sinus
what is the function of hypoglossal nerve (12)
motor tongue (somatic efferent)
what is the trigeminal motor nucleus derived from
muscles from the first pharyngeal arch
what is the function of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
proprioception
what is the function of the trigeminal prinicple sensory nucleus
discriminitave touch
what is the funtion of the trigeminal spinal nucleus
pain and temperature, general conscoius sensation for the viscera supplied by 9 and 10
what is the function of the inferior salivatory nucleus of glossopharyngeal
parasympathetic secretomotor to parotid
what is the function of hypoglossal nucleus
motor to tongue
what is the function of accessory spinal root
motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
what is the function of the solitary nucleus 0f 9 and 10
taste and visceral sensation
why do lesions of 8, 10, 11 and 12 commonly happen together
they lie close together at the base of the skull
what does the nucleus ambiguos of 9 and 10 supply
striated muscles of the pharynx and larynx
what does the dorsal nucleus of vagus supply
p’symp to heart lungs and intestine
what does the spinal nucleus of 5 receive
general sensation from 9 and 10
which two nerves join together to make the special visceral efferent from the nucleus ambiguus
cranial accessory and vagus
which nerves arise from the medulla and pass through the jugular foramen
9 10 and 11
what does cranial nerve 12 pass through
anterior condylar canal
what does the accessory nerve pass through
foramen magnum and then jugular foramen
what nerves are found between the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein
9, 10, 11, 12
what trigeminal nerve division recieves a contribution from 9
auriculotemporal nerve
which trigeminal nerve joins with the chorda tympani
lingual nerve
where does pain from the tonsil and oropharynx refer to
middle ear
describe the course of the lesser petrosal nerve
leaves the middle ear and lies on the surface of the petrous temporal bone in the middle cranial fossa, before emerging thro the foramen ovale
synapses in the otic ganglion
what passes through the jugular foramen
internal jugular vein, nerves 9, 10 and 11
what passes through the carotid canal
internal carotid artery
what do the ganglionic swellings on 9 and 10 house
cell bodies of primary sensory neurones
what nerve defects affect swallowing and the gag reflex
9 and 10
what does 10 and 11 supply
general sensation from auricle and external accoustic meatus, plus the laryngopharynx and larynx
taste from vallecula and epiglotis
visceral sensory afferents from blood vessels for control of CVS, plus afferents from heart lungs and gi
motor supply to muscle of pharynx and larynx
where is the pharyngeal plexus
external pharyngeal wall over middle constrictor
what is the nerve supply to the pharynx
pharyngeal plexus
recieves branches 9 and 10 plus cervical sympathetics
what is the sensory nerve supply to the Oropharynx, palatine tonsil, inferior aspect of soft palate and posterior 1/3 tongue
Glossopharyngeal (IX) Referred pain to middle ear
what is the sensory nerve supply of laryngopharynx, vallcula and epiglottis
vagus
what is the sensory nerve supply of the soft palate
combination of V2 and 9
what is the sensory nerve supply of the nasopharynx
maxillary V2
what is the motor nerve supply of the pharynx
vagus except stylopharyngeus which is glossopharyngeal
what is the parasympathetic secretomotor supply of the pharynx
vagus plus the pterygopalatine ganglion via V2
what is the afferent supply of the gag reflex
9
what is the efferent supply of the gag reflex
10
where does the hypoglossal nerve arise from
hypoglossal/ anterior condylar canal
describe the course of the hypoglossal nerve
descends the neck, passes lateral to both the internal and external carotid arteries and associated with a loop of cranial nerves that supply the strap muscles of the neck
how is the tongue affected in a hypoglossal nerve lesion
ipsilateral tongue weakness so it deviates to the side of the lesion
describe the course of hypoglossal when it enters the oral cavity
enters under the tongue between mylohyoid and hyoglossus to supply all tongue muscles except palatoglossus
what is the nerve supply of palatoglossus
10 via pharyngeal plexus
what are the functions of glossopharyngeal
sensory to middle ear psymp to parotid motor to stylopharyngeus special visceral sensory to tonsils, pharynx and tongue taste to post tongue baro/chemo receptors
what are the limbs of the sneeze and cough reflexes
v2 afferent
9 and 10 efferent
involves trigeminal sensory nucleus and nucleus ambiguus
inferior salivatory nucleus
glossopharyngeal nerve to parotid gland
superior salivatory nucleus
facial nerve to sub glands
what happens in complete paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve
the vocal fold lies semi abducted- vibrates so respiration is noisy
what happens in partial paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal
the vocal fold moves into the midline- if bilateral then life threatening
what is the effect of paralysis of the external laryngeal nerve
may be hoarseness of the voice
where is the right recurrent laryngeal nerve
inferior to the subclavian artery
where is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
inferior to the aorta and ligamentum arteriosum
ascends between the trachea and oesophaus
what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply
all muscles of the larynx except cricothyroid and sensation to the vocal cords and larynx
what is the function of the superior laryngeal nerve
sensation of the larynx down tot he vocal folds (internal branch)
what is the nerve supply to the cricothyroid
external branch of superior laryngeal nerve
what nerves are at risk during thyroid surgery
laryngeal
where is the pteryogmandibular raphe
superior contrictor and buccinator
what is the sensation supply to the tongue
lingual (5) and glossopharyngeal
what is the motor supply to tongue muscles
hypoglossal except palatoglossus which is vagus via pharyngeal plexus
what is the nerve supply to the muscles of the pharynx
vagus except stylopharyngeus
what nerves does the pharyngeal plexus (external pharyngeal wall) contain
9, 10 and cervical sympathetics
what is the sensory nerve supply to the vallecula and epiglottis
vagus
what is the sensory supply to the oropharynx, palatine tonsil, soft palate and post tongue
9
referred pain to middle ear
what muscle does the pharyngeal plexus overlie
middle constrictor
what nuclei are involved in the gag reflex
solitarius
ambiguus
what pharyngeal arches are the muscles of the pharynx and larynx derived from
4 and 6
what passes through the jugular foramen
internal jugular vein
nerves 9, 10 and 11
describe the course of the spinal accesory nerve
passes up through the foramen magnum and then back out via the jugular foramen
