DR - root of neck Flashcards
what features can be seen on the first rib
scalene tubercle
impressions made by subclavian vessels
what are the boundaries of the root of the neck
line from the manubrium, along the clavicle to the coracoid process, along the upper border of the scapula to T1
encompasses both the thoracic and axillary inlets
where is the right recurrent laryngeal nerve given off
anterior to the first part of the right subclavian artery
it winds under the artery and passes upwards in the groove between the oesophagus and trachea
enters deep to the inferior constrictor of pharynx
where is the phrenic nerve
lies behind the prevertebral fascia
passes inferomedially over scalenus anterior
enters the thoracic inlet close to the internal thoracic artery
lies between the subclavian vein and artery
what does the external jugular vein drain into
subclavian vein
what separates subclavian vein and artery
scalenus anterior
what joint does the subclavian artery pass posterior to when entering the neck
sternoclavicular joint
when does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery
outer border of the first rib
posterior to scalenus anterior
what structures cross the right subclavian artery
vagus nerve, vertebral and internal jugular veins
what structures cross the left subclavian vein
left phrenic nerve and terminal part of the thoracic duct
what are the branches of the first part of subclavian
vertebral artery, thyrocervical trunk, internal thoracic artery
describe the course of the vertebral artery
arises from the first part of subclavian
passes posteriorly through a deficit in prevertebral fascia to enter the foramina transversaria of 6th to 1st cervical vertebrae
what artery does the thoracic duct lie anteriorly to on the left side
vertebral artery
what are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid, suprascapular and transverse cervical
describe the inferior thyroid artery
posterior to the neurovascular triangle, passes upwards to the thyroid gland
gives off an inferior laryngeal branch
closely related to the recurrent laryngeal nerve
supplies the thyroid gland
what is the function of the suprascapular artery
arterial anastomosis around the scapula
provides a subsidiary route for blood to pass from the subclavian artery to axillary artery when either artery is blocked
describe the transverse cervical artery
crosses the posterior triangle towards trapezius
takes part in anastomosis around the scapula
what is the internal thoracic artery a branch of
the third branch of the first part of subclavian
what are the branches of the costocervical trunk
deep cervical and supreme intercostal branches
supplies the upper to intercostal spaces and apex of the lungs
where can the trunks of the brachial plexus be seen
behind scalenus anterior, they lie of scalenus medius deep to prevertebral fascia
where is the left vagus nerve
lies between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery, behind the subclavian vein
where is the left reccurent laryngeal nerve
passes under the aorta and ligamentum arteriosum
what are the coverings of the apex of the lung
cervical pleura and suprapleural membrane
where is the summit of the lung apex
2.5 cm above the medial third of the clavicle
what is the function of the suprapleural membrane
gives rigidity to the thoracic inlet in order to prevent distortion during respiratory changes of intra thoracic pressure
where is the cervical sympathetic trunk
posterior to the carotid sheath, medial to the vagus and anterior to the prevertebral fascia
where is the superior cervical ganglion
level of the 2nd and 3rd cervical vertebrae
where is the middle cervical ganglion
anterior aspect of c6 transverse process
what is the stellate ganglion
the inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion joined together
where is the stellate ganglion
anterior to the neck of the first rib
what side is the thoracic duct on
left
describe the course of the thoracic duct
ascends from the thorax, arches posterior to the carotid sheath and then passes anterior to the subclavian artery to meet the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins
where does the oesophagus start
C6
what nerve carries the skeletal muscle motor innervation of the oesophagus
vagus
what side does the oesophagus lie on
left side of the medial plane
