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RUSVM Bacteriology Gram Negatives > Rickettsiales > Flashcards

Rickettsiales Flashcards

1
Q

Rickettsiales description

A

Family Anaplasmataceae & Family Rickettsiaceae - Obligate intracellular gram negative bacteria -

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2
Q

Family Anaplasmataceae

A

Anaplasma - Ehrilichia - Neorickettsia

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3
Q

Anaplasma spp

A

Survive in cytoplasmic vacuoles of erythrocytes, phagocytes, platelets & myeloid cells

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4
Q

Ehrlichia spp.

A

Survive in phagocytic cells

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5
Q

Neorickettsia spp

A

Survive in macrophages & mononuclear cells

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6
Q

Family Rickettsiaceae

A

Rickettsiae spp: R. rickettsia, wolbackia, oreintia

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7
Q

Rickettsiae spp

A

Survive in vascular endothelium

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8
Q

Anaplasma spp description

A

Gram negative, small coccoid-ellipsoid

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9
Q

Anaplasma spp list

A

A. marginale, centrale, ovis, bovis, platys, phagocytophilum

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10
Q

A. marginale

A

REPORTABLE, transmission with hard ticks (Ixodes), infects ruminants - Bovine anaplasmosis

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11
Q

Bovine anaplasmosis

A

A. marginale - undulating febrile disease - Long-term carriage.

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12
Q

When I say Bovine anaplasmosis, you say,

A

Anaplasma marginale!

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13
Q

A. marginale pathogenesis in bovine

A

Bovine anaplasmosis! Erythrocytes engulf bacteria–> multiplication & release of new –> indiscriminate erythrocyte removal by host’s macrophage system–> anemia, icterus, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly –> DESTRUCTION OF RBC!!

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14
Q

Anaplasma platys

A

Infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia - Cycles of 1-2 week interval -

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15
Q

Tick species that transmit Anaplasma platys

A

Rhiphicephalus & Dermacentor

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16
Q

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

A

Tick borne fever in ruminants, human, equine - Canine granulocytic anaplasmosis - Transmitted by rodents & ixodes (hard ticks)

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17
Q

What species causes canine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

A. phagocytophilum

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18
Q

What species causes Infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia?

A

A. platys

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19
Q

Rickettsiae - description

A

Small, gram negative, nonmotile (but hijacks actin in cells)

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20
Q

Rickettsiae pathogenesis

A

Enter endothelials –> escape phagosome & multiply in cytoplasm & nucleus

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21
Q

What disease is caused by Rickettsia rickettsia?

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

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22
Q

What causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

A

Rickettsia rickettsia

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23
Q

What does Rickettsia felis cause?

A

Typhus group

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24
Q

What disease does Coxiella burnetii cause?

A

Q fever

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25
What causes Q fever?
Coxiella burnetii
26
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever - Reservoir
Dogs & people, small mammals
27
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever transmission
Dermecentor (Wood tick, American dog tick) (also transovarial & transtadial)
28
Rickettsia ricketsii - Pathogenesis
In tick: replicate in epithelium--> to salivary glands & ovarian tissues - In vertebrate: Tick injects bacteria--> bacteria to endothelium, damage cell membrane --> vasculitis & thrombosis
29
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever pathology
Rickettsia ricketsii - Severe necrosis in extremities, severe fatal disease (from vasculitis & thrombosis)
30
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever DDx
Ehrlichiosis - Babesiosis - Baorreliosis
31
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever prevention
Tick control, Tx with chloramphenicol, fluroquinolones, tetracyclines
32
Coxiella burnetii General info
Survives in environment - have endospore-like growth phase - Can disseminate airborne - Bioweapon!! REPORTABLE
33
Coxiella burnetii Hosts
Ticks, mites, lice, fleas ; Mammals
34
Coxiella burnetii in humans
Q fever! subclinical influenza-like occupational disease - Endocarditis in chronic presentations
35
Coxiella burnetii pathogenesis
inhalation/ingestion/arthropod bite --> vascular endothelium/renal & respiratory epithelia --> multiplies within phagosome - Persistent in lactating mammary gland and pregnant uterus
36
Ehrlichiae general
WBC obligate intracellular bacteria - multiply within membrane lined intracytoplasmic vesicles
37
Ehrlichiae genus
Ehrlichia & Neorickettsia - Tick transmitted species - Transtadially not transovarially
38
Ehrlichiae spp Tx
Tetracyclines, imodocarb dipropionate - Doxy & steroid for late-stage, poor prognosis
39
Ehrlichia canis Dz & transmission
Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis - Transmitted by Rhiphicephalus (brown dog tick)
40
Ehrlichia canis pathogenesis
Inoculation by tick bite--> incubation --> severe acute dz develops, progresses to chronic (tropical canine pancytopenia) - Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, secondary infections
41
E. chaffensis
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis - Dermacentor (american dog tick) - Deer=reservoir
42
What is the species of tick that transmits E. chaffensis
Dermacentor (American dog tick)
43
E. ewingii
Canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis - Transmitted by Ambylomma americanum (Lone Star Tick)
44
E. ruminantium
Africal heartwater - REPORTABLE - Ruminants in africa & caribbean - Some cattle breeds resistant
45
E. ruminantium transmission
Amblyomma vector - parenteral introduction to blood
46
E. ruminantium pathogenesis
Inoculation--> multiplication in reticuloendothelial cells lining lymph node sinusoids--> vascular dissemination & endothelial colonization --> vasculitis, pericardial effusion
47
E. ruminatium Signs
Fever, followed by neurological signs (collapse & convulsions)
48
Neorickettsia description
Small, non-motile, coccoid, intracytoplasmic vacuoles - In monocytes, macrophages, enterocyte - Vectors=Flukes
49
Neorickettsia helminthoeca diseases
Salmon poisoning disease - Elokomin fluke fever (mild form)
50
Neorickettsia helminthoeca - Pathogenesis
Dog ingests fluke-contaminated fish (encysted in salmon--> attachment & penetration of duodenal mucosa by trematode --> hemorrhagic enteritis w/bacterial spread to lymph node, spleen, liver, lungs, brain, thymus
51
Neorickettsia helminthoeca - Life with the helminth
N. helminthoeca maintained by transovarial passage in the helminth, found throughout life cycle of the fluke - Only obligatory helminth borne pathogenic bacteria!
52
Neorickettsia helminthoeca target cells
Canine mononuclear cells
53
Neorickettsia helminthoeca Dx
Location, detection of fluke eggs, history of dog health
54
Neorickettsia helminthoeca Prevention
Don't let dogs eat raw fish!
55
Neorickettsia risticii
Potomac Horse Fever! - Equine monocytic ehrlichiosis - Equine sours
56
When I say equine sours, you say
Neorickettsia risticii
57
When I say Potomac horse fever, you say...
Neorickettsia risticii
58
Neorickettsia risticii Target cells
Affinity for blood monocytes, tissue macrophages, intestinal epithelial cells
59
Neorickettsia risticii - Reservoir
Infectious life cycle involves intermediate snail reservoir & trematode cercaria (proximity to bodies of water, summertime)
60
Neorickettsia risticii clinical signs
Diarrhea
61
Aegyptianellosis
Aegyptianella pullorum - Poultry & wild birds - Tick: Argus! - Lesions: hepatosplenomegaly, punctiform hemorrhages on serosal surfaces

RUSVM Bacteriology Gram Negatives (26 decks)

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