Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

RUSVM Bacteriology Gram Negatives > Francisella > Flashcards

Francisella Flashcards

1
Q

What family does Genus Francisella belong to?

A

Family Francisellaceae (Gammaproteobacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three important Francisella species?

A

F. tularensis F. philomiragia F. noatunensis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Francisella Gram _____? Shape?

A

Gram Negative, small, pleomorphic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Francisella Motile/Non-motile?

A

Non-motile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Francisella Oxidase Pos/Neg?

A

Oxidase negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Francisella Catalase Pos/Neg?

A

Weakly catalase positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Francisella Aerobe/Non-aerobe?

A

Obligatory aerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Francisella Spore/Non-spore forming?

A

Do NOT produce spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Francisella Is this a fastidious organism? (requires special nutrition to grow)

A

EXTREMELY FASTIDIOUS!! Glucose-Cysteine blood agar necessary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Francisella tularensis

A

Highly infectious Causes Tularemia REPORTABLE Affects very wide range of species Several different subspecies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are common names for Tularemia?

A

Rabbit Fever Deer-fly fever Lemming Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the disease also known as Rabbit Fever, Deer-fly fever and Lemming fever?

A

Tularemia, caused by F. tularensis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

F. noatunensis

A

Emergent aquatic animal pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Francisella tularensis Pathogenicity and geographical distribution

A

Most important human pathogens: F. tularensis subsp. tularensis. North America. TYPE A F. tularensis subsp. holarctica. Europe. TYPE B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

F tularensis subsp. tularensis

A

Potential Bioweapon! Extreme virulence Low infectious dose Easy aerosol dissemination Severe illness and death 10 CFUs inhaled can cause disease 30-60% untreated infections can be fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Francisella Virulence factors

A

Capsule - Mannose Cell wall - LPS Acp - Acid phosphatase Pathogenicity Island

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does Mannose on a capsule do?

A

Mannose receptors in phagocytes Want to be phagocytized by naive-macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Francisella Role of Acp

A

Acid phosphatase Suppresses respiratory burst of phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Francisella Pathogenicity Island Name the components

A

igl (Intracellular growth locus) Mgl (Macrophage growth locus) Pdp (Pathogenicity determinant proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Francisella Products of igl

A

Intracellular survival in phagocytes T6SS Iron uptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Francisella Mgl role

A

Many functions Regulatory of igl

22
Q

Francisella Pdp role

A

Pathogenicity determinant proteins Intracellular survival in phagocytes Virulence

23
Q

Francisella Reservoir

A

Infected lagomorphs, rodents, amoebae

24
Q

Francisella Transmission

A

Mainly by *ticks*, mosquitos, deer fly Water Prey Humans- percutaneous, conjunctival, inhalation, ingestion

25
Which tick species transmit Francisella?
Dermacentor variabilis Dermacentor andersoni Amblyomma americanum
26
Name the six forms of Tularemia
\*\*Depends on mode of transmission\*\* \*Ulceroglandular\* from arthropod vector Oculoglandular Pneumonic Oropharyngeal Gastrointestinal Typhoidal
27
Tularemia presentation in different species
Wide variety of presentations in humans Cats\*\*Most frequent domestic animal Sheep/Horse/Young pigs Dogs fairly resistant
28
Name/describe this lesion
Ulcer caused by Francisella tularensis on the hand "Ulceroglandular"
29
Name/describe this lesion
Oculoglandular tularemia in human
30
Ulceroglandular tularemia
80% of cases Often from tick bite
31
Pulmonary & Oropharyngeal/Gastrointestinal tularemia
Acquired via inhalation Oral exposure - Water or meat Most dangerous of all (40-60% case fatality)
32
Clinical signs of Tularemia in humans
Depends on mode of infection High fever, headache, signs of toxicity (myalgia, anorexia, prostration) for several days Pneumonia with non-productive cough Liver damage- elevated liver transaminases
33
Francisella Pathogenesis
Infectious event--\> Local phagocyte population, uptake, survival and multiplication, survive complement & colonize regional lymph nodes--\> Granulomatous inflammation (intracell survival, Mgl, igl, T6SS, apoptosis & necrosis of phagocytes & infection of other cells
34
Francisella Pathology
Irregular microabscesses Pyogranulomatous inflammation (liver, spleen, lymph nodes, necrotizing pneumonia) Highly cytotoxic (damage to inflammatory & parenchymal cells) Local lesions - walled granulomatous structures with central necrosis - Often suggestive of necrosis
35
Francisella Case Report
Non-human primates in a zoo
36
Francisella Case Report
Prairie dog in Texas - Francisellosis
37
Francisella Pathogenesis
Intracellular survival\*\*\* Evade phagocytes Macrophage=primary target Eventual host cell death, moves on to neighboring cells
38
Francisella Immunological aspects
Largely Cell Mediated Immunity Live attenuated vaccines for at-risk populations
39
Francisella Lab diagnosis Stain used for Francisella
Giemsa stain exudates
40
Francisella Lab diagnosis Serology tests used
IFA ELISA Agglutination
41
Francisella Lab diagnosis Culture: Agar used
Glucose-cysteine heart agar Chocolate agar Oxidase Negative Does not grow on MacConkey
42
Francisella Lab diagnosis - all tests used
Giemsa stains Serology Culture In vivo infections Molecular - PCR
43
Francisella Name the agar types
A- Buffered charcoal yeast extract B-Chocolate agar medium C-Sheep's blood agar D-Cysteine heart agar
44
Francisella Treatment & Control
Antimicrobials Control Ticks Limit access to water/feed Wildlife population control
45
Francisella Antimicrobial treatment
Facultative intracellular organism Aminoglycosides - Gentamycin & Streptomycin Fluoroquinolones Tetracyclines
46
Francisella Type of aquatic organisms
Warm & Cold water Marine & Fresh water Wild & Cultured fish \*\*Tilapia, cod, hybrid striped bass & others\*\*\*
47
Francisella Describe disease lesions in aquatics
Granulomatous lesions in spleen & head kidney (hematopoetic)
48
What fish cells do Francisella spp. survive in?
Fish macrophages & monocytes
49
What bacteria caused these lesions?
Francisellosis in fish
50
What bacteria caused these lesions?
Francisellosis in fish
51
What conditions should Francisella be cultured at?
In vitro temperature growth: 20-30C, NO GROWTH at 15 or 37C

RUSVM Bacteriology Gram Negatives (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions