Name the species

Question 0

M protein/ fimbriae

Answer 0

Group A Streptococci

Question 1

Polysaccharide capsule

Answer 1

S. Pneumoniae

Question 2

Surface slime / biofilm

Answer 2

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 3

O polysaccharide

Answer 3

LPS of E. Coli

Question 4

K antigen / Vi antigen

Answer 4

E. Coli and Salmonella typhi

Question 5

Cell-bound or soluble Protein A

Answer 5

Staph. Aureus

Question 6

Protein A mechanism

Answer 6

Attaches to Fc region of IgG, blocks cytophilic domain, can’t bind cell, IgG no longer capable of opsonization

Question 7

Part of cell wall released to inhibit cell fusion

Answer 7

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Question 8

Phagolysosome formation inhibited in phagocyte

Answer 8

Chlamydiae - L. pneumophila - Salmonella typhimurium

Question 9

Survival inside phagolysosome - Waxy, hydrophobic cell wall - MYCOLIC ACIDS

Answer 9

Mycobacteria

Question 10

Survival inside phagolysosome - LPS of cell wall

Answer 10

B. abortus

Question 11

Survival inside phagolysosome - catalase & superoxide dismutase

Answer 11

B. Abortus, S. Aureus

Question 12

Survival inside phagolysosome - poly-D-glutamate capsule

Answer 12

Bacillus anthracis

Question 13

Escape phagolysosome - phospholipase A degradation of membrane

Answer 13

Rickettsiae

Question 14

Survival inside phagolysosome - Listeriolysin O (pore-forming) & two phospholipase C types, polymerization of actin cytoskeleton for movement through cell

Answer 14

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 15

Survival inside phagolysosome - lyse phagosomal vacuole, induce actin cytoskeleton polymerization for movement & spread

Answer 15

Shigella

Question 16

Killing phagocyte before ingestion - secrete pore formers (hemolysis/ leukocydins)

Answer 16

Gram positive pathogens

Question 17

Killing phagocyte before ingestion - produce streptolysin –> lysosomes explode into cell cytoplasm

Answer 17

Streptococci

Question 18

Killing phagocyte before ingestion - produces leukocidins –> discharge of lysosomal granules

Answer 18

Staphylococci

Question 19

Killing phagocyte before ingestion - exotoxin A. (Who secretes it? What does it do?)

Answer 19

Pseudomonas aeruginosa - disrupts cell equilibrium and consumes ATP reserves needed for engulfment if things

Question 20

How does Neisseria gonorrhoeae maintain antigenic diversity

Answer 20

Change fimbriae antigen confirmation during infection. “Pili switching” (phase variation) rapid turning on/off genes controlling pili

Question 21

How does Borrelia recurrentis maintain antigenic variation?

Answer 21

Relapsing fever by multiplying bacteria in tissues, bacteria then “disappear” (hide), fever falls until mutant arises again

Question 22

Factor H binding proteins - complement evasion (how? Which species use this?)

Answer 22

Bind Factor H so it can’t bind C3b so no complement.

- B. Burgdorferi (Erp proteins) and Leptospira interrogans (LfhA)

Question 23

Ringworm

Answer 23

Dermatophytes! Microsporum, Trichosporum spp.

Question 24

Feline ringworm

Answer 24

Microsporum Canis. (Yes, canis! And they are the main reservoir)

Question 25

Favus or White Comb

Answer 25

Avian ringworm: Microsporum Gallinae

Question 26

Red growth in dermatophyte test medium (DTM)

Answer 26

Indicates growth of dermatophyte

Question 27

Ringworm in cow

Answer 27

T. Verrucosum

Question 28

Ringworm in pigs

Answer 28

T. Nanum

Question 29

Dermatomycoses

Answer 29

Malassezia spp., (pachydermatis & nana) , Trichosporon (not trichophyton the dermatoPHYTE). Geotrichum candidum.

Question 30

Subcutaneous mycoses

Answer 30

Sporotrichosis (sporothrix schenkii) - Pythiosis - chromoblastomyxisis & Phaeohyphomycosis - mycetomas

Question 31

African Horse Farcy

Answer 31

Histoplasma capsulatum var farciminosum. Granulomatous skin lesions

Question 32

Pythiosis

Answer 32

Oomycoses - stramenophiles (not fungi!). - EDx: Pythium insidiosum