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RUSVM Bacteriology Gram Negatives > Exam 1 - Name The Disease & EDx > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Name The Disease & EDx Flashcards

0
Q

Equine cutaneous & subcutaneous mycosis; Nasal granulomas, Chronic Granulomatous ulcerative lesions on limbs & ventral abdomen; pruritic, mucosanguineous exudate; Kunkers

A

Equine Pythiosis - Pythium insidiosum - “Swamp Cancer”

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1
Q

Equine cutaneous & subcutaneous mycosis; Nasal granulomas, Chronic Granulomatous ulcerative lesions on limbs & ventral abdomen; pruritic, mucosanguineous exudate; Kunkers

A

Equine Pythiosis - Pythium insidiosum

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2
Q

Fungal infection of SQ tissue by dematiacious (dark pigmented) fungi, form thick wall cells “Schlerotic bodies”. Warty ulcerative nodules on feet & legs.

A

Chromoblastomycosis

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4
Q

Hyphae present, CNS involvement common, Warty ulcerative nodules on feet & legs.

A

Phaeohyphomycosis

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5
Q

SQ swellings w/draining tracts, resembles chronic non-healing abscess, Fistulous tumor development, “Triad of CS” Swelling, fistulas, granules in exudate

A

Eumycotic mycetomas - EDx -dont memorize

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6
Q

Dogs- Most virulent fungal pathogen, Often in alkaline desert soils, digging dogs v. susceptible: Dyspnea, cough, weight loss, white granumlomas. Spherules found in samples

A

BIOHAZARD!! Coccidioidomycosis (San Juan Valley Fever) Edx- Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii.

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7
Q

Dogs & cats- chronic disease, anemia, inappetance, weight loss, poor antibiotic response, Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenomegaly, ascites, granulomatous lesions. Primary site @ lungs, also to GI, spleen, liver, BM. Found in near highly nitrogenous soils with bird & bat droppings. Mississippi & Ohio River Watersheds

A

Histoplasmosis - EDx: Histoplasma capsulatum

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8
Q

Present worldwide in acidic soils, Dogs/Humans/Pronouced in Cats - Bad1 virulence factor, Cutaneous pyogranulomas, gray-yellow areas in lungs*, Signs (in most likely to least likely seen): Coughing, dyspnea, skin lesions, ocular manifestations, lameness

A

Blastomycosis - EDx: Blastomyces dermatidis -(In USA: Principal systemic mycoses)

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9
Q

Nasal cavity infection! Sneezing, hard, nodular swlling over nose, distortion of nasal cavity, CNS in dogs, Cattle seen w/mastitis maybe. Picture of cat’s face

A

Cryptococcosis - EDx: Cryptococcus neoformans

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10
Q

Dogs: Otitis externa & dermatitis!

A

EDx: Malassezia pachydermatis

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11
Q

Localized mucocutaneous disease: squamous epithelium, white-gray plaques, ulcerative with inflammation, mainly neutrophilic, rarely granulomatous. Birds most frequently

A

Candidiasis - EDx: Candidia albicans

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12
Q

Digestive tract disease of chickens & turkeys, Young chicks/poults are most susceptible, Thickened mucosa of crop with whitish, raised pseudomembranes. Listlessness and inappetance seen in animals.

A

“Thrush, Crop mycosis, Sour Crop” - Candidiasis in birds - EDx: Candidia albicans

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13
Q

Dog & Cats- Ulcerative lesions in digestive & genital tract

A

Candidiasis in dogs & cats

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14
Q

Horses & Swine - Alimentary canal, ulcerative lesions can lead to rupture, equine abortions/infertility/metritis

A

Candidiasis in horses & swine

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15
Q

Primary bronchopulmonary: dyspnea, gasping, polypnea, anorexia. Torticollis if disseminated to brain, Yellow nodules & plaques in respiratory passages, White material: yellowish nodules are characteristic

A

“Brooder pneumonia” Aspergillosis in birds - EDx:

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16
Q

Pyrexia, rapid shallow stertorous respiration, nasal discharge, moist cough. Firm, heavy & mottled lungs that do not collapse. In sub-acute to chronic forms, lungs contain multiple discrete granulomas

A

Mycotic pneumonia - Aspergillosis in Ruminants

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17
Q

6-9 month gestation abortion, fetal membranes retained, lesions on uterus, fetal membranes, fetal skin. Intercaruncular areas are grossly thickened, leathery, dark red to tan. Maternal caruncles are dark red to brown. Aborted fetus cutaneous lesions are soft, red-grey, elevated discrete foci that resemble ringworm

A

Bovine mycotic abortion - Aspergillosis in Ruminants

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18
Q

Mycotic plaques in guttural pouch, on caudodorsal aspect of medial guttural pouch, over the internal carotid artery. Signs: Epistaxis from erosion of artery wall. Spontaneous & severe hemorrhage, repeated bouts.

A

Guttural Pouch Mycosis - Aspergillosis in horses

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19
Q

Signs: lethargy, nasal pain, ulceration of nares, sneezing, unilateral or bilateral sanguinopurulent nasal discharge, frontal sinus osteomyelitis & epstaxis. Mucosa & underlying bone may be necrotic with loss of bone seen in radiographs. Disseminated in what breed?

A

Canine nasal Aspergillosis - Disseminated in GSD

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20
Q

Hyaline septate hyphae that branch dichotomously with a 45 degree angle

A

Aspergillus spp.

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21
Q

Nasal mycosis in dogs

A

Penicillum spp.

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22
Q

Mycetoma & pneumonia in dogs - Mastitis, ocular dz and abortion in horse & cattle

A

Pseudallescheria boydii

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23
Q

Mycotic bovine abortions, GI infection in ruminants, swine & dogs, hematogenous and CNS infections

A

Rhizopus spp. - Absidia spp. - Mucor spp. - Morteinella spp.

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24
Q

Aquatic protista, granulomatous mucocutaneous infections. Chronic polypous rhinitis with large sporangia horses/ cattle/ mules/ dogs/ goats/ waterfowl/ humans,

A

Rhinosporidium seeberi

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25
Q

Fungal outbreak in skin of humans & dolphins, yeast cells look related to Paracoccidioides brasilensis

A

Lobomycosis - Lacazia loboi

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26
Q

Amphibians - Skin: interferes with respiration, hydration & osmoregulation

A

Chydridiomycosis - EDx: Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

27
Q

Cause of decline in hibernating bat populations

A

White Nose syndrome - EDx: Geomyces destructans

28
Q

Dog- hemorrhagic diarrhea, CNS & eye lesions, exposure by ingestion/ percutaneously/ intramammary injections from algae lacking chlorophyll

A

Protothecosis

29
Q

Case study - Feline granulomatous lesion, excision is treatment of choice

A

Sporotrichosis

30
Q

Case study - No underlying disease or immunosuppression, first case where underlying cause was not obvious

A

Candidiasis in dog

31
Q

Case study - First documented case of systemic yeast infection of a dog. Most systemic are due to C. neoformans

A

Systemic candidiasis from C. albidus in a dog

32
Q

Case study - Horse originally treated unsuccessfully for mastitis, yeast was observed & Blastomyces cultured.

A

Blastomycosis in horse - Should be higher on DDx for horse mastitis & dermatitis

33
Q

Case study - Horse: large mass at root of mesentery & multiple smaller mesenteric masses. Dx from gross, microscopic & immunohistochemical findings

A

Histoplasma in horse

34
Q

Bovine: Gangrenous mastitis with sloughing, tissue necrosis, cold & blue-black utter, Brown milk,

A

Bovine staphylococcal mastitis - EDx: Staph. Aureus

35
Q

EU, pasture fed lambs, lambs appear crippled & have suppressed immune system

A

Tick Pyemia - Staph. aureus infects tick bites

36
Q

Poultry: Pododermatitis - lameness, foot swellings, spondylitis (sometimes)

A

Bumblefoot - Staph. aureus

37
Q

Suppurative granulomatous condition follows castration in horse - infected stump of spermatic cord

A

Staphylococcal botryomycosis - Staph. aureus

38
Q

Sow mastitis

A

Staph. aureus

39
Q

Skin & ear infections (otitis) in dogs, occasional bovine mastitis, pyoderma, otitis externa, mastitis, endometritis, cystitis, osteomyelitis & wound infections

A

Staph. pseudointermedius

40
Q

Skin infections, arthritis in pigs; skin, milk of cattle; avian arthritis

A

Staph. hyicus

41
Q

Weaned pigs up to 3 months of age, highly contagious, Excessive sebaceous secretion, exfoliation & exudation on skin surface, nonpruritic dermatitis, die within 24-48hrs, often starts at bite wounds

A

Greasy pig disease - Staph. hyicus

42
Q

Equine- febrile rhinopharyngitis w/abscessation of lymph nodes, guttural pouch empyema, swollen nodes, high fever, depression. Oculonasal discharge May develop purpura hemorrhagica after illness, Can complicate into abscessation of many organs- purulent mesenteric lymph nodes

A

Strangles - EDx: Streptococcius equi subsp equi (Turned into bastard/metastatic strangles)

43
Q

Pigs: meningitis (fever, tremors, incoordination, opisthotonus, convulsions), arthritis, septicemia, bronchopneumonia of all ages, sporadic valvular endocarditis, neonatal deaths & abortions. Zoonotic! Humans with suppurative brain inflammation

A

Streptococcus suis infection

44
Q

Pigs- submandibular lymphadenitis, Jowl Abscess

A

Streptococcus porcinus (DDx with mycobacterium tuberculosis)

45
Q

Top three DDx for bovine clinical mastitis

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B, beta hemolytic, chronic mastitis) - Streptococcus dysgalactiae (Group C, alpha hemolytic, acute mastitis) - Streptococcus uberus (no group. alpha hemolytic)

46
Q

UTI and otitis externa, might establish in patients receiving antibiotic treatment, Once classified as Group D streptococci

A

Enterococcus

47
Q

Superficial goat form (enlarged and abscessed superficial lymph nodes) Visceral sheep form (abscesses of internal organs & lymphnodes, may not be detected ante-mortem). Both forms show onion ring appearance on cytology/ cross section of abscess; Phospholipase D (leukotoxic) aids spread.

A

Caseous lymphadenitis - EDx: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

48
Q

Marked swelling & abscesses of lymph nodes, pectoral & lower limbs; may rupture and leave ulcers. Onset slow & chronic. Hematogenous dissemination is rare. Edema in affected limbs, ulcerated nodule esuce thick, green, odorless, blood-tinged pus

A

Ulcerative lymphangitis “Pigeon breast” or “Pigeon fever” in horses - EDx: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

49
Q

Inflammation of urinary bladder of cattle, may ascend to kidneys. Kicking at abdomen, urine in blood and arched back. Pathogenesis: Pili attach to urothelium–> ureases produce ammonia–> high alklalinity in urine

A

Bovine cystitis & pyelonephritis - EDx: C. cystidis (more severe form), & C. renale

50
Q

Swelling of prepuce & head of penis, can be enabled by High Protein Diet!, Ammonia likely initiates inflammatory process

A

Ulcerative enzootic balanoposthitis - “Pizzle Rot” - Sheep, sometimes goats

51
Q

Case Study - MRSA in 76 yr old man, Had an 8 year old lab.

A

Reverse zoonosis of Staphylococcus MRSA. Becoming more common

52
Q

Case Study - Caseous lymphadenitis in ruminants. Oryx: unusual localizations of abscess, flies commonly seen feeding on lesions, may have helped harbor & disseminate the infection

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis & C. renale in arabian oryx

53
Q

Case Study - Etiologic agent of caseous lymphadenitis of small ruminents around world. Difficult to treat & eradicate, ineffective drug therapy. Discusses novel virulent factors.

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

54
Q

DDx list for mastitis (as of exam 1)

A

Staphylococcus aureus - Streptococci agalactiae - Streptococci uberis

55
Q

DDx for abortion (as of exam 1)

A

Streptococcus zooepidemicus

56
Q

DDx for skin disease (as of exam 1)

A

Staph aureus (Bumble foot, staph botryomycosis) - Staph hyicus (greasy pig) - Staph intermedius (K9 pyoderma & dermatitis)

57
Q

When I say caseous lymphadenitis, you say….

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

58
Q

When I say Greasy Pig disease, you say

A

Staphylococcus hyicus

59
Q

When I say gangrenous bovine mastitis, you say…

A

Staph. aureus!

60
Q

When I say strangles, you say…

A

Streptococcus equi!

61
Q

When I say pig meningitis, arthritis & septicemia, you say…

A

Streptococcus suis!

62
Q

When I say yeast infection of dog ears, you say…

A

Malessezia spp! (likely pachydermatis)

63
Q

When I say feline ringworm, you say…

A

Microsporum canis!

64
Q

When I saw swamp cancer or Kunkers, you say…

A

Equine pythiosus! Pythium insidiosum

RUSVM Bacteriology Gram Negatives (26 decks)

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