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Rhone Valley & Southern France Flashcards

(103 cards)

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1
Q

How many AOC/AOP communes are in Rhone Valley?

A

16

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2
Q

How many Vins Doux Naturels AOC/AOP (VDN) in Rhone Valley?

A

2

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3
Q

Regional AOC for Rhone

A
  • Cotes du Rhone AOC

- Cotes du Rhone - Villages AOC

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4
Q

How many village appellations in Rhone

A

18

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5
Q

What does Rhone not have that most of France does?

A

Hierarchical appellations (Grand Cru or Premier Cru

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6
Q

Location of Rhone Valley

A

Between Lyon and Avignon

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7
Q

Northern Rhone influence

A

Cooler, continental influence

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8
Q

Wind in Northern Rhone

A

Cold, dry north wind called Mistral

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9
Q

What do winds do in Northern Rhone

A

Winds protect from mildew/mold but may hurt the vines

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10
Q

Other notes about Rhone Valley

A

Steep slopes

more labor intensive

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11
Q

Southern Rhone influence

A

Mediterranean

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12
Q

Wind in Southern Rhone

A

Sirocco winds

softer Mistral

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13
Q

Other notes about Southern Rhone

A

Longer growing season
Late ripening varieties
Flat land and more expansive

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14
Q

Soils in Northern Rhone

A

Erosion is a problem

Mineral-rich bedrock soils from granite

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15
Q

Soil of Cote Rotie/Condrieu/Hermitage

A

Granite and schist

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16
Q

Soil of St. Joseph/Crozes-Hermitage

A

Heavy clay

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17
Q

Soil of Southern Rhone

A

Various, stony soils with sand and clay subsoils

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18
Q

Most famous soils in Southern Rhone

A

Heat-retaining pudding stone, or Galets of Chateauneuf du Pape

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19
Q

Soil of Gigondas

A

Alluvial clay

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20
Q

Vine training of Rhone

A

Low-trained in bush-vine (Goblet)
either staked or situated in lateral, protected valleys because of the strong winds
Planted at an angle under the assumption that prolonged exposure to the wind straightens them by maturity
Windbreaks

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21
Q

General vinification of Rhone

A

North - land of iconic grape varieties

South - land of blended-wine styles

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22
Q

Syrah in Rhone

A

Star of the north
Second in command in the south
Adaptable, versatile and popular with consumers
Age worthy

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23
Q

Grenache in Rhone

A

Rarely a stand alone
Grenache is crucial for providing plenty of body and ripe fruit flavors
+Mouvedre, Cinsault, and Carignan

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24
Q

Viognier in Rhone

A

Star of the North for White wines
Increasingly popular in the South
Low acid
Intense aromas

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25
Marsanne in Rhone
Pear and floral scented Can age well Plantings are slowly decreasing as it is a difficult grape to grow and often affected by diseases
26
Roussane in Rhone
Traditionally blended with Marsanne in the North | Reddish-brown colored variety
27
Grenache Blanc in Rhone
As a white grape, it forms the base of many of South's simple white wines With decent conditions, can make extremely complex and rich wines
28
Regions in Northern Rhone
``` Cote Rotie AOC Condrieu AOC Chateau Grillet AOC Hermitage AOC St Joseph AOC Crozes Hermitage AOC Cornas Saint Peray ```
29
Grape of Cote Rotie
Syrah +up to 20% Viognier -most production doesn't reach that maximum, except Domaine Corps de Loup with its cuvee "Marions-les"
30
Grape of Condrieu
White Viognier ONLY
31
Grape of Chateau Grillet
White Viognier ONLY
32
Grape of Hermitage
- extremely popular and acclaimed region - Longevity for both white and reds - SYRAH - +up to 15% Roussanne/Marsanne
33
Notes about St. Joseph/Crozes Hermitage
Good point of entry +affordable Bigger AOCs
34
Grape of St. Joseph
Syrah reds | Roussanne/Marsanne whites
35
Grape of Crozes-Hermitage
Syrah reds | Roussanne/Marsanne whites
36
Grape of Cornas
100% Syrah | -Powerful and dark, often with supple, ripe tannins
37
Notes on Saint Peray
- only 75 hectares - Southernmost of the northern Rhone appellations - 1/3 of the production is Sparkling - Roussane and Marsanne
38
Important Northern Rhone Producers
E. Guigal, M. Chapoutier, Paul Jaboulet Aine
39
3 major regions in Southern Rhone
Chateauneuf du Pape Gigondas Tavel
40
Other regions of Southern Rhone
``` Beaumes-de-Venise Cairanne Clairette de Die (Sparkling) Costieres-de-Nimes Coteaux de Die Coteaux du Lyonnai Cotes du Vivarais Lirac Luberon Muscat-Beames de Venise (VDN) Rasteau (VDN) Vacqueyras Ventoux Vinsobres ```
41
Wines of Chateauneuf-du-Pape
Red and white Grenache-based wines
42
Soil of Chateauneuf du Pape
Galets (pebbles)
43
Note on Chateauneuf du Pape
Lots of old vines
44
How many grape varieties are allowed in Chateauneuf du Pape?
13 varietals | 18 when you count morphs of grapes such as Grenache (blanc, noir, gris) and Piquepoul (Blanc, noir, gris)
45
Grapes allowed in Chateauneuf du Pape
``` Grenache Noir Grenache Blanc Grenache Gris Mourvedre Syrah Cinsault Counoise Picpoul Noir Picpoul Blanc Picpoul Gris Terret Noir Bourboulenc Clairette Clairette Rose Roussanne Vaccarese Picardan Muscardin ```
46
When was Gigondas promoted to AOC?
in the early 1970s -- formerly one of the villages of the Cote du Rhone villages AOC
47
Grape of Gigondas
Minimum 50% Grenache | -Rustic, savage, humble
48
Note about Tavel
While most of the southern Rhone AOC /AOPs are located on the east side of the river, Tavel is located on the west side
49
Wines of Tavel
Dry, pink wines only | Grenache based blends
50
important Southern Rhone Producers
Vieux Telegraphe, Beaucastel, Delas, Rayas
51
Another name for Languedoc Roussillon
also known as the Midi
52
Notes on Languedoc Roussillon
-once known to provide the every day table wine (low quality, high quantity) for much of the French population Started focusing on quality in the 1980s
53
What created the Vin de Pays designation in Languedoc Roussillon
Government ordered to plant more useful crops
54
What are all of the Vin de Pays in Languedoc Roussillon now?
In 2009 all 6 VDP became IGT
55
How many IGT in Languedoc Roussillon
6
56
Where is Languedoc Roussillon located
From the Mediterranean coast up into scrub land (Garrigue) and mountain foothills GIGANTIC REGION
57
Climate of Languedoc Roussillon
Mediterranean Climate | Long dry growing season
58
Winds that affect Languedoc Roussillon
Sirocco
59
What can cause some vineyards to experience continental influences in Languedoc Roussillon?
Higher altitude
60
Soil of Languedoc Roussillon
Various -- especially stony/schist soils
61
What are the vineyards of Languedoc Roussillon often compared to?
Patchwork, because different varieties grown together
62
Vine training in Languedoc Roussillon
Goblet
63
What are the wines of Languedoc Roussillon typically aged in
Foudres
64
Majority of Languedoc Roussillon producers
Negociant or Co-Op -- development toward more estate production
65
Other notes on Languedoc Roussillon
- higher altitude, cooler vineyard sites + organic | - affordable rose wines
66
Sparkling wine region in Languedoc Roussillon
Cremat de Limoux
67
Grape varieties of Languedoc Roussillon
Carignan, Cinsault, Grenache, Syrah
68
High yielding grape varieties of Languedoc Roussillon
Aramon | Carignan
69
Cepages ameliorateurs
Improving grape varieties | used for Rhone varieties
70
International grape varieties of Languedoc Roussillon
Chardonnay/Cabernet sauvignon
71
White wines of Languedoc Roussillon
blends of - Grenache blanc, Picpoul, Roussanne, Marsanne, etc.
72
Large AOC of Languedoc Roussillon
Coteaux du Languedoc AOC
73
Regions of Languedoc Roussillon
``` Faugeres St. Chinian Minervois/Minervois la Liviniere Corbieres/Corbieres Boutenac Cabardes Fitou Picpoul de Pinet La Clape Pic St. Loup Maury Collioure Tautavel Terrasses du Larzac ```
74
Vin de Pays AOC
New regional IGT | Created August 1st 2009
75
How many grape varieties are allowed in Vin de Pays AOC
58
76
Important producers in Languedoc Roussillon
``` Clos de L'Anhel Cave de Roquebrun Gerard Bertrand Mas De Duamas Gassac Chateau Pech Redon ```
77
Grape growing areas of South-West France
Vast region including many specific and distinct appellations Benefited from proximity to Bordeaux market Diverse, characterful wines
78
Bearn
Tannat and Raffiat de Mocade (white)
79
Bergerac
Red and White; Bordeaux like
80
Brulhois
Vins Noir - Tannat, Merlot, and Cabernet Franc
81
Buzet
Bordeaux Blends
82
Cahors
Malbec (locally named Cot or Auxerrois)
83
Coteaux de Quercy
Mostly Cabernet Franc
84
Cotes de Duras
Red and White, bordeaux like
85
Cotes de Millau
Light red wines from Gamay/Syrah
86
Cotes du Marmandais
Red and White, bordeaux-like/local Abouriou
87
Entraygues-Le Fel
Fer Souvadou grape variety
88
Estaing
Red, white, rose: Fer, Gamay, and Chenin Blanc
89
Fronton
Negrette
90
Gaillac
Duras, Fer Servadou and Syrah Lan de l'El, Mauzac and Muscadelle Sparkling Gaillac Methode Ancestrale
91
Irouleguy
Cabernet Franc or Tannat
92
Jurancon
Sweet or dry white: Petit & Gros Manseng | Passerillage
93
Madiran
Tannat
94
Marcillac
Fer Servadou + rose production
95
Monbazillac
Botrytised, sauternes like
96
Montravel
Merlot + lots of bordeaux like white
97
Pacherenc du Vic-Bihl
Late HarvestL Petit Courbu, Petit Manseng, Gros Manseng, Courbu Blanc, and Arrufiac
98
Pecharmant
Bourdeaux blends
99
Rosette
Very light Sauternes-like wines
100
Saint-Mont
Tannat-based blends
101
Saint Sardos
Syrah+Tannat
102
Saussignac
White bordeaux blends
103
Tursan
Very light wines - Cabernet Franc and Tannat

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