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Central & Southern Italy Flashcards

1
Q

Italian name for Tuscany

A

Toscana

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2
Q

What was Tuscan wine historically bottled in?

A

fiasco, a squat straw-covered Chianti bottle

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3
Q

Super Tuscan trailblazer

A

Marquis Mario Rocchetta

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4
Q

1st commercial vintage of Sassicaia

A

1968

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5
Q

Marquis Mario Rocchetta’s nephew

A

Piero Antinori of Tignanello

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6
Q

Percentage of DOC/DOCG wine in Tuscany

A

60%

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7
Q

Number of DOCGs in Tuscany

A

11

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8
Q

Climate of Tuscany

A

Dry maritime climate

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9
Q

Soil of Tuscany

A

Galestro soil

  • Chianti – cooler clay
  • Brunello – warmer sand/limeston
  • Coastal – more gravel (ex. Sassicaia)
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10
Q

Main grapes of Tuscany

A

Sangiovese
Vernaccia
Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot

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11
Q

Sangiovese profile

A
  • high in tannin and acidity, short on color and flavor
  • signature tea, tobacco, and red fruit flavors
  • different style and expression depending on regions
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12
Q

How many DOCG in Chianti?

A

7 zones

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13
Q

7 zones of Chianti

A 
Chianti Colli Senesi
Chianti Rufina
Chianti Colli Fiorentini
Chianti Colline Pisane
Chianti Colli Aretini
Chianti Montalbano
Chianti Montespertoli
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14
Q

Grapes often blended with Sangiovese

A

adds color and power

  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Colorino

softens Sangiovese hard attack
-Canaiolo

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15
Q

Italy’s most planted red varietal

A

Sangiovese

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16
Q

Italy’s most planted white varietal

A

Trebbiano Toscano

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17
Q

Principle Grape of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

A

Sangiovese

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18
Q

anthocyanins

A

color inducing compounds found in wine

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19
Q

Most used varietal for white production in Tuscany

A

Vernaccia

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20
Q

Note on Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot in Tuscany

A

International grapes
Became popular with the Super Tuscan movement
Used mostly as blending material to transform the Sangiovese profile
Main grapes planted in Bolgheri new DOC

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21
Q

Chianti Classico notes

A
  • original growing area
  • Historically recorded in 1398
  • From Florence to Siena, divided in 9 still unofficial sub-regions
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22
Q

Requirements for Chianti Classico

A

minimum 80% Sangiovese

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23
Q

When did Chianti Classico earn DOCG status

A

1996

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24
Q

What on a bottle shows that it is Chianti Classico outside of the lable

A

Gallo Nero - Black Rooster

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25
Q

Grapes grown in Brunello di Montalcino

A

ONLY Sangiovese, no blends

local clone of Sangiovese is just called Brunello

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26
Q

Notes on Brunello di Montalcino

A

Small quantities grown

Rather expensive

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27
Q

Climate of Brunello di Montalcino

A

About 500 meters of Altitude
Warm Mediterranean influence
Gives Brunello higher potential alcohol levels than they do further north in Chianti Classico

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28
Q

Aging period in Brunello di Montalcino

A

Long – called affinamento

2 years in oak/3 years in bottle

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29
Q

Profile of Brunello di Montalcino

A

Full-bodied and high in alcohol; they tend to display ripe, dark-fruit flavors
Most benefit from time in the cellar

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30
Q

What wine is called Baby Brunello

A

Rossi di Montalcino DOC was in the 1980s

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31
Q

Notes on Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

A

Blends based on the local clone of Sangiovese known as Prugnolo Gentile
Not as popular or as well known as other Tuscan appellations

32
Q

Regions of Vin santo production

A

Vin Santo del Chianti
Vin Santo del Chianti Classico
Vin Santo di Montalcino

33
Q

How long are grapes dried for Vin Santo

A

3-6 months after harvest

34
Q

Caratelli

A

small barrels of oak or chestnut used for long, slow fermentation of Vin Santo

35
Q

Why is space left in the barrels of vin santo?

A

so wines develop sherry-like oxidized aromas

36
Q

How many years of ageing/fermenting for Vin Santo

37
Q

Grape of Vin Santo

A

Mostly Trebbiano

sometimes Sangiovese

38
Q

What divides Marches?

A

Apennine Mountains and the Adriatic Sea

39
Q

Climate of Marches

A

Mostly Mediterranean with cooler and warmer area

40
Q

Soil of Marches

A

Calcareous, clay, limestone-rich

41
Q

Grapes of Marches

A

Mostly white wines from Verdicchio and Trebbiano

Other grapes - Pinot Bianco, Malvasia Toscana, Pecorino, Bianchello del Metauro

42
Q

Majority of wine production in Marches is at what level?

A

Vino de Tavola

only 20% of wines under DOCG/DOC

43
Q

How many DOCG/DOC in Marches

A

15 DOC

4 DOCG

44
Q

Major DOCG in Marches

A

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi

Verdicchio di Matelica

45
Q

Grapes of Abruzzo

A

Montepulciano + Trebbiano

46
Q

DOCG of Abruzzo

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane

47
Q

DOC of Abruzzo

A

3
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
Trebbiano d’ Abruzzo
Controguerra

48
Q

What is Southern Italy & the Islands known as

A

The Italian Midi – locally known as the Mezzogiorno

49
Q

What are most producers in Southern Italy

A

Generally IGT – which they prefer of DOC/DOCG

50
Q

4 DOC of Bascilicata

A

Aglianico del Vulture
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore
Grottino DI Roccanova
Matera

51
Q

Notes on Calabria

A 
No DOCG
12 DOCs (ex. Ciro, Terre di Consenza)
52
Q

Major grapes of Calabria

A

Gaglioppo and Greco Nero - Red

Greco Bianco, Trabbiano Toscano - White

53
Q

Where is known as the Barolo of the south

54
Q

Grapes of Campania

A

AGLIANICO + Falanghina, Fiano, Greco, Coda di Volpe

55
Q

Most Famous red wine appellations of Campania

A

Taurasi DOC

Aglianico del Taburno DOC

56
Q

Most famous white wine appellations

A

Fiano di Avellino DOC

Greco di Tufo DOC

57
Q

Special mention in Campania

A

Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio

58
Q

What is known as the boot of Italy?

59
Q

Where is half of Italy’s Olive production

60
Q

Main grapes of Puglia

A

Negroamaro, Primitivo, Uva di Troia

61
Q

DOCG of Puglia

A

Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG

62
Q

Notable DOCs in Puglia

A

Primitivo

  • Maduria
  • Gioia del Colle

Negroamaro

  • Alezio
  • Matino
  • Glatina
  • Copertino
  • Nardo
  • Leverano
  • Lizzano
  • Salice Salentino
  • Squinzano
  • Brindisi
63
Q

Major influence in Sicily

A

Mount Etna/Volcanic Soils

64
Q

What was Sicily once famous for?

A

Sweet Muscats notably in Pantelleria

65
Q

Where is Marsala produced

66
Q

What encompasses most of the dry table wine production in Sicily?

A

IGT Terre Sicilane

67
Q

Red grapes of Sicily

A

Nero d’Avola, Nerello Mascalese, Frappato

68
Q

White grapes of Sicily

A

Inzolia, Grillo, and Carricante

69
Q

DOCG of Sicily

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG

70
Q

Notable DOC of Sicily

A

Bianco d’Alcamo
Etna
Faro

71
Q

Notable sweet wine (moscato) DOC

A

Noto
Siracusa
Pantelleria

72
Q

Notes on Sardinia

A

Autonomous region

Lowest wine production per hectare of Italy

73
Q

Red Grapes of Sardinia

A

Grenache (locally called Cannanou)
Carignan (local clone Bovale di Spagna & Bovale Grande)
Cabernet Sauvignon

74
Q

White Grapes of Sardegna

A

Vermentino

Malvasia

75
Q

Important DOC of Sardegna

A

Cannonau di Sardegna
Vementino di Sardegna
Cagliari

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