RHEUMATOLOGY & OA TERMS

Question 1

articulate with free movement, synovial membrane, and contain synovial fluid

Answer 1

synovial or diarthroidal joints

Question 2

adjacent bones are separated by articular or a fibrocartilage disk and are bound by firm ligaments permitting limited motions (pubic symphysis, distal tibiofibular articulation)?

Answer 2

amphiarthroses

Question 3

thin, fibrous tissue separates adjoining cranial plates that interlock to prevent detectable motion before the end of normal growth (only found in skull/suture lines)

Answer 3

synarthroses

Question 4

specialized connective tissue covers WB surfaces of synovial joints. Hyaline cartilage is maintained by chondrocytes

Answer 4

articular cartilage

Question 5

serves as a lubricant for articular cartilage and nutrition for the chondrocytes within the cartilage structure

Answer 5

synovial fluid

Question 6

this produces synovial fluid

Answer 6

synovium

Question 7

closed sac, lined sparsely with mesenchymal cells similar to synovial cells but less vascularized than synovium

Answer 7

bursa

Question 8

consists of a layer of compact cortical bone and underlying system of cancellous bone organized in a trabecular network

Answer 8

subchondral bone

Question 9

periarticular osteoporosis and erosive changes in addition to cartilage loss

(infectious and inflammatory arthritis)

Answer 9

atrophic arthritis

Question 10

cartilage loss is accompanied by an increase in bone density and bone formation around joints (osteoarthritis)

Answer 10

hypertrophic arthritis

Question 11

the most common form of articular disease and up to 80% of people by age 80 have histologic or radiographic criteria. Approx 50% of people report symptoms

Answer 11

osteoarthritis

Question 12

absence of any obvious underlying abnormalities or identifiable etiology

Answer 12

idiopathic/primary osteoarthritis

Question 13

identifiable underlying cause, such as hx of trauma

primary and secondary OA are indistinguishable from each other

Answer 13

secondary OA

Question 14

bony enlargement of the distal interphalangeal joint of the hand

Answer 14

Heberden’s nodes

Question 15

bony enlargement of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the hand

Answer 15

Bouchard’s nodes

Question 16

name this diagnostic modality

can identify OA at earlier stages of disease before radiographic changes become apparent, such as cartilage defects or other structures not visualized by radiographs such as effusion, synovium and ligaments

Answer 16

MRI

Question 17

name this diagnostic modality

can ID OA associated structural changes and is useful for detecting synovial inflammation, effusion, and osteophytosis

Answer 17

ultrasound

Question 18

precedes Hallux Rigidus and limited ROM

-functional is limited on weight bearing only

Answer 18

hallux limitus

Question 19

end stage form of arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint

Answer 19

hallux rigidus

Question 20

these meds downregulate expression of adhesion molecules which can reduce cellular infiltration into the joint and the inflammation that follows
-amount of steroid injected is dependent on size of joint

Answer 20

corticosteroids

Question 21

mechanism of action unknown but may reduce pain and may improve mobility by an anti-inflammatory effect, short term lubricant effect, analgesic effect by buffering the synovial nerve endings, and stimulating synovial lining cells

Answer 21

hyaluronic acid derivatives