NAIL SKIN DISORDERS TERMS PART A

Question 1

this is the dominant vessel

Answer 1

plantar digital artery

Question 2

anastomose with opposite side dorsally forming arch

Answer 2

arterial arcades or arches

Question 3

supplies proximal nail fold and proximal nail matrix

Answer 3

proximal arch

Question 4

unencapulated nerve balls
vater-pacinian pressure receptors
meissner’s corpuscle

Answer 4

nail bed

Question 5

highest concentration of free nerve endings

Answer 5

nail lips and folds

Question 6

ventral skin surface of proximal nail fold

forms thin dorsal surface of nail plate

Answer 6

dorsal portion of the nail matrix

Question 7

makes the bulk of nail plate

Answer 7

intermediate section of nail matrix

Question 8

follows contour of distal phalanx

extends distally as lunula

Answer 8

ventral section of mail matrix

Question 9

epithelial ridge beneath nail plate at the junction between the free edge and the skin of the nail bed aka nail quick

Answer 9

hyponychium

Question 10

this is the seal between the nail plate and the hyponychium

Answer 10

onychodermal band

Question 11

name this protein involved in the growth of the nail plate?

Answer 11

alpha keratin protein

Question 12

name this condition

spontaneous shedding of the nail plate?

Answer 12

onychomadesis

Question 13

this is a soluble positively charged protein capable of killing C. albicans with decreased levels in atopic eczema patients

Answer 13

cathelicidin

Question 14

name this condition

hereditary onychocryptosis

• wider nail roots
• pincer nail deforimites
• develop near skeletal maturity
• nail plates are wider and shorter
• great toe mostly affected

Answer 14

primary IGTNs

Question 15

name this condition

omega nail
-inherited type

acquired type

• CVA hemiparesis
• beta blocker
• psoriasis

Answer 15

pincer nails

Question 16

name this condition

improper cutting
narrow shoes
rotated or Mal-aligned digits
ungula labia hypertrophy
pregnancy, aging
medications

Answer 16

secondary IGTNs

Question 17

name this condition

abnormal separation of nail plate from nail bed

nail bed hyperkeratosis causes distal election of nail plate

multiple nails
-psoriasis, fungus, sculpting

single nail
-trauma

Answer 17

onycholysis

Question 18

name this type of onycholysis:

• medial lysis may exceed lateral onycholysis
• uniform spike length

Answer 18

transverse onycholysis

Question 19

name this type of onycholysis:

• repeated shoe pressure triggers transverse onycholysis
• -short shoe syndrome
• –foot size exceeds shoe size

Answer 19

micro traumatic nail dystrophy

Question 20

name this condition:

dermoscopy
-normally all capillary loops are the same length

systemic sclerosis

• capillary loop drops out
• proximal nail fold atrophy
• -retracted cuticles

Answer 20

scleroderma

Question 21

name this condition:

any inflammation of the nail unit especially the nail folds

initial soreness of nail fold progresses to swelling and erythema

Answer 21

paronychia

Question 22

name these lines

transverse symmetrical grooves

typically affects all nails

retrospective indicator of high fever or severe systemic illness

• measles
• zinc deficiency
• thumb and toe affected
• width of furrow corresponds to duration of illness

Answer 22

beau’s lines

Question 23

name this condition:

nail biting

Answer 23

onychotillomania

Question 24

name this condition:

uniform thickening
<0.2-3 mms
not distorted

Answer 24

onychauxsis

Question 25

name this condition: due to trauma -3-15 mms thick micro traumatic -hallux rigidus

Answer 25

onychogryphosis

Question 26

name this condition: normal but elongated

Answer 26

hypertrophic nails

Question 27

name this condition: narrow longitudinal grooving -small proximal nail fold tumor, cyst, wart or trauma

Answer 27

onychorrhexis

Question 28

name this condition: rare wider defect 2-5 mm wide with steep jagged edges thumb or index finger

Answer 28

medial canaliform nail dystrophy

Question 29

name this condition: transverse grooves and pressure pockets -habitual index finger pressure on nail matrix produces central transverse depressions or ripples

Answer 29

habit tic deformity

Question 30

name this condition: autosomal dominant overgrowth of all multiple nails -twenty nail dystrophy palmar plantar keratoderma

Answer 30

pachyonychia congenita

Question 31

name this condition: AKA racquet nails nail plate is flattened, the end of the digit is widened and flattened distal phalanx is abnormally short width of the nail bed and nail plate is greater than their length

Answer 31

brachyonychia

Question 32

name this condition: nail matrix trauma -parakeratosis opaque white patches punctate leukonychia

Answer 32

leukonychia