LAB TESTS AND VALUES TERMS

Question 1

procedures to determine physiologic function, homeostasis, and histologic changes

Answer 1

lab tests

Question 2

within reference range?

Answer 2

normal

Question 3

outside of reference range?

Answer 3

abnormal

Question 4

the tests ability to produce the correct result , like a bulls eye target with a dart hitting the center

Answer 4

accuracy

Question 5

how often the test produces the same result, clustering

Answer 5

precision

Question 6

ability of a test to correctly ID individuals who have a given disease

Answer 6

sensitivity

Question 7

results which give a negative finding which is actually positive

Answer 7

false negative

Question 8

the ability of the test to correctly exclude individuals who do not have a given disease?

Answer 8

specificity

Question 9

results which give a positive finding which is actually negative

Answer 9

false positive

Question 10

this office test checks non fasting blood sugar

Answer 10

glucose finger stick

Question 11

hand held device that emits UV fluorescent light

certain bacteria will fluoresce characteristics color

performed on the feet and webspace

used erythrasma

Answer 11

wood’s lamp

Question 12

plasma approx 55%

cells approx 45%

• RBC
• WBC
• Platelets

Answer 12

blood composition

Question 13

function for O2 transport

contain hemoglobin

mature cells do not contain nuclei

life span 120 days

Answer 13

RBC

Question 14

cells of the immune system defend the body against both infectious diseases and foreign materials

granulocytes
agranulocytes

Answer 14

WBC

Question 15

cell fragments involved in the mech of primary hemostasis leading to the formation of blood clots

Answer 15

platelets

Question 16

this is a count for these blood cells with a reference value 5000-10000 uL

Answer 16

WBCs

Question 17

increased WBC

bacterial infection

foreign substance

Answer 17

leukocytosis

Question 18

decreased WBC

viral infection

bone marrow deficiency

Answer 18

leukopenia

Question 19

this measures the rate at which RBCs settle out of unclotted bloode

Answer 19

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Question 20

• this is synthesized by the liver in response to factors released by macrophages
• used for detecting inflammation, similar to ESR
• elevated sooner than ESR
• <0.8 mg/dl

Answer 20

hematological tests

Question 21

% of total hemoglobin that is glycosylated

irreversible non enzymatic binding to the beta chain of the hemoglobin

reflects blood sugar control over 2-3 month period

Answer 21

hemoglobin A1c

Question 22

product of muscle catabolism, derived from the breakdown of muscle creatine and creatine phosphate

more sensitive to renal function than BUN

0.7-1.4 mg

Answer 22

creatinine

Question 23

this evaluates the rate and efficiency of kidney filtration

Answer 23

creatinine clearance

Question 24

measures the amount of urea nitrogen, a waste product of protein metabolism

not a reliable indicator because of factors such as age, gender, and mass

Answer 24

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Question 25

the complex process by which blood forms solid clots

Answer 25

coagulation

Question 26

protein produced in the liver from vitamin K

measure of the extrinsic pathway

monitors the anticoagulant therapy of Coumadin

11-16 seconds

Answer 26

blood coagulation

Question 27

detects abnormalities in the intrinsic pathway

monitors the anticoagulant therapy of heparin

25-35 seconds

Answer 27

blood coagulation

Question 28

devised to standardized results

similar to PT time

0.8-1.2

patients on anti coagulant therapy should have an INR between 2.0 and 3.0 for basic blood thinning needs

Answer 28

international normalized ration (INR)

Question 29

procedure in which a needle is inserted into a joint in order to remove fluid

joint aspiration

Answer 29

arthrocentesis