Respitory physiology 5 Flashcards
what muscles are used inspiration
external intercostal musles, diaphram, also scalen, sterinomaois and abdominal musles
What nerve controls inspiration
phrenic
what spinal cord level controls phrenic nerve
c3-c5
Types of factors that affect ventral rythum
emotional, voluntray override , mechanosenory e.g. strech reglex , chemical compisoin of the boold
What is the vrg and what does it include
ventral repiritory group of neurons,
includes: tonuge, pharlyc, laryncs, expiratory musles
What is the drg and what does it include
dorsal repirtyr gropu of neurons
includes all inspiratory muscles, and intercostal and phrenic nerve
chemoreceptor function
Change in chemical composition
what do central chemorecpotrs moduclater
h+ conetration (from co2)
where are central cehmoreceptors found
medulla
where are periphearl chemoreceptors found
carotid and arotic bondes
what do pheripheral chemorecpeptors respond to
p02 and plasma h+ conection
what is bicarbiate co2 equeation equation
c02 + h20 to h2c03 to h+ + hc03-
how does level h+ cahnge in teh brain
co2 dissoces diffes from blood acroso blood brain barrier, this allow it to interact with h20 in the cnf and change into bicarbonate and h+
how doe a 10% in c02 change the minute ventaltion
increases it by 100%
what chemoreceptors do pepole with chroinc lung disease rely on
pheripheal as central are damaged though prolonged exposure to c02
hypercapnea
high co2 levles
what happens when ther is a small change in 02 levels to the minute venat
little change as saturtion stay simmilar till about 60mmhg
how are peripharl signal transported
trhough action potentials to exercytois of dompaine coming vessile to trigger dopamine receptoents
do peripher recepotrs respinad to decrease in no. of cells
no, only decrease in saturation of those cells as pa02 is noralm
what do opoid and barbiturates do
they depress repsiraty sensor as tehy reduce sensitvy to ph, thus central chemo recparotrs, a dn periphal chemoo recrepceptors as depress p02
what effect does nitrough oxide have
this blutes pehrical chemo recptors, it is safe in most induclat but not safe for those with a hpoxic drive, adding o2 can make situation worse as carbon dioxide level rise further
what is a hypoxic drive
co2 has little effect on the tissue due to overuse
What happens to ventalation if plasma ph falls
it will increase
what happens to venlation if plasma ph increase
decrase
what is the effect on increased ventation of ph
increases it due to remoiving co2 and decrease h+
how does decrease ventalin effect ph
increase it by retain co2 and increase h+
where is hc03 controlled
kidneys
how will a rise or fall in hc03 effect ph
increase ph will increase,
decrease ph falls
what effect does latic acid have on ventation
vental has to increase to decrese co2 to bring back ph to nomarl
are our bodies more effect by high co2 or low o2
high co2
what effect does swalling have on respiartion
when you swallow venelation stops, when you finish swaling you exsipre a small breath to remove any particles
