Respiratory Viruses 1

Question 1

how do viruses change so quickly

Answer 1

segmented genome recombination

Question 2

orthomyxo viruses

Answer 2

influenza

Question 3

paramyxo viruses

Answer 3

measles
mumps
parainfluenza (croup)
respiratory syncitial disease

Question 4

what gives influenza subtypes

Answer 4

H and N types present on the surface

Question 5

influenza type A

Answer 5

animals and humans
multiple subtypes
responsible for pandemics
constantly changing

Question 6

influenza type B

Answer 6

humans only

no subtypes

Question 7

properties of influenza

Answer 7

envelope
helical
8 strands
- RNA
nucleus replication

Question 8

infleunza HA does

Answer 8

attachment

Question 9

influenza Na does

Answer 9

cuts through upper respiratory tract mucus

Question 10

influenza transmission

Answer 10

person to person via small aerosolized droplets

Question 11

antigenic drift

Answer 11

mutations in HA and NA surface antigens that allow for the virus to evade the immune system

Question 12

what does antigenic drift

Answer 12

influenza A and B

Question 13

what does antigenic shift

Answer 13

influenza A

Question 14

antigenic shift

Answer 14

switching chunks of genetic material between subtypes

Question 15

influenza incubation period

Answer 15

1-2 days

Question 16

influenza infectious period

Answer 16

1 day prior to symptoms

2-6 days after symptoms end

Question 17

antivirals for influenza A

Answer 17

amantadine

rimantadine

Question 18

antivirals for influenza

Answer 18

oseltamivir

zanamivir- inhaled

Question 19

MOA amantadine and rimantadine

Answer 19

blocks M2 protein ion channel and prevents endosome pH change –> blocks uncoating

Question 20

MOA oseltamivir and zanamivir

Answer 20

block NA and prevent viral release

Question 21

Reye’s syndrome

Answer 21

brain swelling and fatty degeneration of liver

Type B influenza complication giving febrile kids aspirin

Question 22

influenza vaccine

Answer 22

live attenuated
inactivated
recombinant
(6 total)

Question 23

paramyxo properties

Answer 23

envelop
helical
1 segment
- RNA

Question 24

measles incubation period

Answer 24

14 days

Question 25

prodromal phase of measles

Answer 25

respiratory symptoms and Koplik spots

Question 26

3 Cs of measles

Answer 26

conjunctivitis
coryza
cough

Question 27

unique to measles

Answer 27

Koplik spots

Question 28

site of paramyxo replication

Answer 28

cytoplasm

Question 29

spread of measles

Answer 29

aerosol via small droplet

Question 30

pathology of mumps

Answer 30

upper respiratory tract

moves to glands- parotid, ovary, testes, pancreas

Question 31

normal respiratory syncytial virus in children

Answer 31

bronchiolitis- cough, wheeze, dyspnea

Question 32

abnormal respiratory syncytial virus in children

Answer 32

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)
focal alveolar disease
liked to asthma

Question 33

respiratory syncytial virus in adults

Answer 33

common cold

Question 34

respiratory syncytial virus in elderly

Answer 34

flu with pneumonia

Question 35

transmission of respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 35

large droplet aerosol
kids- 12 days
adults- less
immunocompromised- more

Question 36

immunity after respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 36

lower protected

upper recurrences

Question 37

diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 37

quick immune tests

PCR

Question 38

diagnosis of mumps

Answer 38

virus isolation from saliva or CSF

Question 39

diagnosis of measles

Answer 39

virus cultured

Question 40

spread of parainfluenza virus

Answer 40

direct contact with respiratory secretions

Question 41

main cause group

Answer 41

parainfluenza virus

Question 42

parainfluenza virus diagnosis

Answer 42

PCR

culture

Question 43

infection site for parainfluenza virus

Answer 43

upper and lower

Question 44

parainfluenza virus treatment

Answer 44

ribavirin