Respiratory System Mycoses

Question 1

group that causes respiratory system mycoses

Answer 1

ascomycota

Question 2

description of ascomycota

Answer 2

septate hyphae
multicellular filamentous hyphae at RT
release asexual spores with limited nutrients
spores inhaled–> switch to budding yeast in body

Question 3

types of ascomycota

Answer 3

histoplasma
blastomyces
coccidiodes

Question 4

mechanisms of immune system evasion

Answer 4

reduce number of PAMPs
hide PAMPs with extra layer
interfere with the antibodies/complement system

Question 5

histoplasma morphology

Answer 5

2 forms
macroconidia- finger like projections (tuberculate)
microconidia- 2-4um ovals on hyphae branches

Question 6

histoplasma in the body

Answer 6

switches to budding yeast
infects macrophages and affects ER and lysosomes
can spread within body

Question 7

hisoplasma location

Answer 7

ohio river valley- KY, TN, OH

Question 8

histoplasma comes from

Answer 8

soil and birds

lab acquired

Question 9

histoplasma clinical symptoms

Answer 9

usually asymptomatic

can have fever, headache, substernal or pleuritic chest pain

Question 10

resolution of histoplasma

Answer 10

calcified granulomas with yeast in lung

Question 11

identification of histoplasma

Answer 11

ELISA for wall antigen

Question 12

blastomyces morphology

Answer 12

single type of conidia

short hyphae- round/oval/pear shaped

Question 13

blastomyces in the body

Answer 13

broad based budding yeast
thick walls
large

Question 14

blastomyces spread

Answer 14

person to person or aerosolized
dirt close to water
lab acquired

Question 15

blastomyces location

Answer 15

Mississippi and ohio river valleys

Question 16

frequency of infections

Answer 16

histo > coccidio > blasto

Question 17

blastomyces symptoms

Answer 17

asymptomatic pulmonary infection
noticeable disseminated- skin, bone, GI/UGT, CNS
fever, cough, pleuritic chest pain

Question 18

blastomyces identification

Answer 18

sample from center of skin lesion- look for budding yeast
sputum sample
exoantigen test

Question 19

coccidiodes description

Answer 19

thin hyphae

differentiate into arthroconidia (unicellular, barrel shaped)

Question 20

coccidiodes in the body

Answer 20

swell to a large spherule filled with endospores
cannot be phagocytes
endospores can spread to surrounding tissues

Question 21

coccidiodes spread

Answer 21

aerosolized
rare person to person
dirt disruption lab infections

Question 22

coccidiodes location

Answer 22

southwest- SoCal, AR

Question 23

coccidiodes is found in

Answer 23

alkaline soil

rodent or snake reservoir

Question 24

coccidiodes symptoms

Answer 24

asymptomatic 60%
symptomatic- flu like
delayed hypersensitivity- erythema nodosum

Question 25

coccidiodes resolution

Answer 25

self limited

nodule in lung with fungi in it

Question 26

coccidiodes complication

Answer 26

progression to chronic pulmonary infection in immunocompromised
dissemination- cutaneous, bone, meningitis

Question 27

coccidiodes identification

Answer 27

DNA probe

exoantigen testing