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Block 5 > Lung 6 > Flashcards

Lung 6 Flashcards

1
Q

age range for lung cancer

A

40-70y

peak 50-60y

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2
Q

most common genetic mutation in lung cancer in non smokers

A

EGFR

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3
Q

rare genetic mutation in lung cancer of non smokers

A

KRAS

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4
Q

occasional genetic mutation in lung cancer of non smokers

A

TP53

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5
Q

cancer associated with ex smokers and non smokers

A

adenocarcinoma

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6
Q

cancer associated with current smokers

A

squamous cell

small cell

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7
Q

adenocarcinoma precursors

A

atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
adenocarcinom in situ
microinvasive

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8
Q

atypical adenomatous hyperplasia

A

adenocarcinoma precursor

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9
Q

adenocarcinoma in situ

A

adenocarcinoma precursor

>5mm

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10
Q

microinvasive adenocarcinoma

A

adenocarcinoma precursor

tumor

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11
Q

mucinous adenocarcinoma

A

spreads through air spaces and forms satellite tumors
grows along septa
worse prognosis

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12
Q

non mucinous adenocarcinoma

A

peripheral nodule
better prognosis
“butterflies on a fence”

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13
Q

adenocarcioma location

A

peripheral

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14
Q

adenocarcinomas marker

A

thyroid transcription factor 1

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15
Q

squamous cell carcinoma location

A

central

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16
Q

speed of adenocarcinoma growth

A

slow

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17
Q

speed of squamous cell carcinoma growth

A

fast

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18
Q

squamous cell carcinoma precursor

A

bronchial epithelium metaplasia/dysplasia

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19
Q

mutation associated with adenocarcinoma

A

KRAS

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20
Q

mutation associated with squamous cell carcinoma

A

FGFR, CDKN2A, TP53

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21
Q

adenocarcinoma growth pattern

A

along septa

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22
Q

squamous cell growth pattern

A

into air spaces creating obstruction

23
Q

squamous cell carcinoma looks like

A

TB- areas of hemorrhage and necrosis with cavitation

cauliflower like intraparenchymal mass

24
Q

PET positive tumor

A

squamous cell

25
Q

histological findings for squamous cell

A

pink

keratin pearls

26
Q

precursor lesion for small cell

A

diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia

27
Q

location of small cell

A

central OR peripheral

28
Q

most aggressive lung cancer

A

small cell

29
Q

most likely to metastasize

A

small cell

30
Q

cancers that are not curable surgically

A

squamous cell

small cell

31
Q

most associated with paraneoplastic syndromes

A

small cell

32
Q

histology for small cell

A

small blue cells
poorly defined boarders
little cytoplasm
high mitotic count

33
Q

Azzopardi effect

A

vascular walls stain blue from the DNA released from necrotic cells

34
Q

small cell markers

A

chromogranin
synaptophysin
CD56

35
Q

worst type of cancer

A

small cell

36
Q

small cell mutations

A

TP53
RB
MYC amplifications

37
Q

squamous cell marker

A

PET positive

38
Q

large cell carcinoma diagnosis

A

diagnosis of exclusion

all markers negative

39
Q

location of large cell carcinoma

A

peripheral

40
Q

secondary pathology 6

A 
partial obstruction
total obstruction
impaired drainage
pulmonary abscess
SVC syndrome
pericarditis/pleuritis
41
Q

hypercalcemia is most associated with

A

squamous cell

42
Q

paraneoplastic syndromes 6

A 
ADH
ACTH
PTH
calcitonin
gonadotropins
serotonin/bradykinin
43
Q

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

A

muscle weakness from autoantibodies against calcium channels

44
Q

Trousseau syndrome

A

systemic presentation of lung cancer
DVT and thromboembolism
hypercoagulable state

45
Q

hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

A

systemic presentation of lung cancer
abnormal connective tissues
clubbing

46
Q

Pancoast tumors and symptoms

A

apical tumors that compress neural structures around trachea

Horner’s syndrome + ulnar distribution pain

47
Q

lung cancer metastis route

A

lymph

blood

48
Q

lung cancer metastasis location

A

adrenal
liver
brain
bone

49
Q

molecular pathway targets

A 
EGFR
ALK
MET
VEGF
PD-L1
50
Q

pulmonary hamartoma

A

benign, well circumscribed coin lesion

51
Q

difference between secondary and primary lung cancer

A

secondary- multiple discrete mets

primary- single lesion

52
Q

marker for asbestos exposure

A

fibrous pleural plaques

53
Q

mesothelioma

A

asbestos related
pleura neoplasm
long latency- 25-45y
less likely than lung cancer after exposure

54
Q

most common site of lung cancer metastasis

A

adrenal glands

Block 5 (27 decks)

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