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Block 5 > Lung 4 > Flashcards

Lung 4 Flashcards

1
Q

sarcoidosis

A

noncaseating granulomas involving multiple organ systems

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2
Q

diagnosis of exclusion

A

sarcoidosis (2 others)

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3
Q

difference between TB and sarcoidosis

A

sarcoidosis has no infection and rarely necrosis

TB is an infection and has necrosis

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4
Q

respiratory symptoms of TB

A

cough
dyspnea
pain

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5
Q

constitutional symptoms with TB

A 
fever
weight loss
fatigue
anorexia
night sweats
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6
Q

lymphocyte associated

A

CD4/Th1

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7
Q

cytokines associated

A

IL2

INFgamma

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8
Q

antibody associated

A

IgG (elevated)

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9
Q

genetic risk factors

A

familial

HLA associations

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10
Q

3 main factors for etiology of sarcoidosis

A

immunologic factors
genetic factors
environmental factors

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11
Q

organs involved in sarcoidosis

A 
spleen
BM
skin
eye
salivary glands
muscle
lungs
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12
Q

Lofgren syndrome

A

associated with sarcoidosis
fever
bilateral hylar lymphandenopathy, polyarthralgias
common in Scandanavians

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13
Q

Skin symptoms of sarcoidosis

A

erythema nudism
panniculitis
lupus pernio (most common)
rash of cheeks and nose

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14
Q

eye issues with sarcoidsosis

A

granulomatous uveitis or conjunctival lesions/scleral plaques

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15
Q

how are granulomas found in sarcoidosis

A

PET scans- take up more glucose

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16
Q

abnormal lab values associated with sarcoidosis

A

hypercalcemia
hypercalcinuria
high ACE
high alkaline phosphatase

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17
Q

CO diffusion test

A

decreased in sarcoidosis

18
Q

restrictive or obstructive for sarcoidosis

A

restrictive

19
Q

sarcoidosis treatmetn

A

NSAIDs

possible corticosteroids for extra pulmonary disease or persistent pulmonary disease

20
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

immune mediated interstitial lung disorder caused by exposure to inhaled organic dusts

21
Q

hot tub lung

A

HP caused by mycobacterium avid complex from poorly maintained indoor hot tubs

22
Q

HP restrictive or obstructive?

A

restrictive- reduced FVC

23
Q

causative agent for hot tub lung

A

MAC

24
Q

immunology of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

increase pro inflammatory cytokines
increased T lymphocytes
immune complexes
non caveating granulomas

25
Q

pulmonary eosinophilia

A

lots of eosinophils in airways from unknown cause

26
Q

types of pulmonary eosinophilia

A 
acute eosinophilic pneumonia with respiratory failure
simple pulmonary eosinophilia
tropical
secondary
idiopathic chronic
27
Q

smoking associated diffuse interstitial lung diseases

A

desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP)

respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial disease (RBILD)

28
Q

DIP and RBILD characteristics

A

pigmented macrophages in air space
lack of fibrosis
40-50y M»F

29
Q

DIP RBILD CXR

A

nodular with some interstitial infiltrate in lower lobes

30
Q

drug induced lung disease

A

interstitial fibrosis
bronchiolitis obliterans
eosinophilic pneumonia

31
Q

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

A

filling of airspaces with gelatinous sputum

32
Q

CXR PAP

A

bilateral, patchy asymmetric infiltrate

33
Q

cause of PAP

A

hereditary- mutations in GM-CSF and/or GM-CSF receptors

secondary

34
Q

diagnosis

A

pink proteinaceous fluid
no inflamamtion
PAS positive with cholesterol clefts

35
Q

treatment for PAP

A

BAL

lung transplant in children

36
Q

major cause of pulmonary embolism

A

DVT in leg

37
Q

gene involved with primary hypertension

A

BMPR2

38
Q

plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy

A

smooth muscle hyperplasia

39
Q

presentation of primary HTN

A

women 20-40

dyspnea, fagitue –> can progress to respiratory distress, cyanosis, RVH

40
Q

goodpasture syndrome

A

auto antibodies against collage 4

leads to glomerulonephritis and kidney failure

41
Q

idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

A

too much iron in lung, rare, seen in kids

Block 5 (27 decks)

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