Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas

Question 1

characteristics of acinetobacter baumannii

Answer 1

gram - coccobacillus
strict aerobe
non-motile
does not ferment lactose
multidrug resistant
identified through mass spec

Question 2

presentation of acinetobacter

Answer 2

peau d’orange appearance that progresses to clear vesicles

can progress to bullae with necrosis and septicemia

Question 3

transmission of acinetobacter

Answer 3

hands of healthcare workers

Question 4

identification of acinetobacter

Answer 4

mass spec

Question 5

main treatment of acinetobacter

Answer 5

polymyxin E

polymyxin B

Question 6

pseudomonas identifying characteristics

Answer 6

gram neg rods
aerobic
pili and flagella
smells likes grapes
oxidase positive
lactose negative
fluoresces in UV light

Question 7

pyocyanin

Answer 7

pigment in pseudomonas
blue
changes local pH to free iron

Question 8

pyoverdin

Answer 8

pigment in pseudomonas
green
siderophore that gets all the iron

Question 9

common infections

Answer 9

burns
bacteremia
UTI
eye- contact lenses
otitis externa
folliculitis (hot tubs)
infections in neutropenic patients
pneumonia in CF

Question 10

aspects of pseudomonas acute infection

Answer 10

motility- flagella and pili
adhesion- attach to host tissue
toxin release- type 3 and type 4 secretion systems --> outcompete other cells and settle in
low antibiotic resistance
low capsule production

Question 11

aspects of pseudomonas chronic infection

Answer 11

non motile
highly antibiotic resistant
capsule formation- protects against immune system and blocks antibiotics
LPS deficiency
decreased metabolism

Question 12

how does chronic pseudomonas kill CF patients

Answer 12

neutrophils are recruited and release ROS to try to kill the encapsulated bacteria but the ROS damage the lung

Question 13

quorum sensing

Answer 13

bacterial density dependent communication within a biofilm- detect there are enough organisms present to change gene expression